Phantom-limb pain (PLP) is a phenomenon that may appear among people with amputation. Some studies reveal that 70% of people with amputation experience PLP years postamputation. There is a lack of scientific evidence about the cause of PLP. It has been hypothesized that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) could be involved in the mechanism that triggers PLP, but this hypothesis remains unclear. ...

Hydrogen sulfide is a gasotransmitter, with similarities to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. Although the enzymes indicated below have multiple enzymatic activities, focus here generation of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) characteristics are described accordingly. Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransfera...

Many patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have low plasma pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP) but a normal erythrocyte aspartate aminotransferase activity coefficient ( EAST), a measure of vitamin B-6 status in the erythrocytes, compared with healthy subjects. The goal of the present study was to examine the correlations of PLP levels in these two compartments (plasma and erythrocytes) with other esta...

Incubation of rat brain myelin with [3H]palmitic acid in the presence of ATP, CoA and MgCl2 or [14C]-palmitoyl-CoA in a cell-free system resulted in the selective labelling of 'PLP' [proteolipid protein; Folch & Lees (1951) J. Biol. Chem. 191, 807-817] and 'DM-20' [Agrawal, Burton, Fishman, Mitchell & Prensky (1972) J. Neurochem. 19, 2083-2089] which, after polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in...

Proteolipid protein (PLP), the major protein of central nervous system myelin, contains approximately 2 mol of covalently bound fatty acids. In this study, the in vivo turnover rate of the acyl chains bound to PLP was determined in 40-day-old rats after a single intracranial injection of [3H]palmitic acid. The apparent half-life of total fatty acids bound to PLP was approximately 7 days. After ...

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis that is induced by immunization with myelin antigens (1). The ability to generate EAE by activating myelin-specific T cells in the periphery of healthy animals demonstrates that central and peripheral mechanisms of tolerance are incomplete for these self-anti-gens. This lack of T cell tolerance toward myelin ...

BACKGROUND Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a common complication after amputation, affecting up to 80% of the amputee population. However, only 5% to 10% of amputees have severe PLP impacting daily function. The present report details the management of severe, treatment-resistant PLP in a 72-year-old man with a traumatic left transradial amputation and a comorbid complication of heterotopic ossifica...

BACKGROUND Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) is the biologically active form of vitamin B(6). Clinical studies suggest that low PLP concentrations are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and other diseases. However, PLP concentrations are not routinely diagnosed because of the lack of a homogeneous, nonradioactive assay. We describe a homogeneous, nonradioactive, enzymatic PLP assay that u...

uplications and overexpression of the proteolipid protein (PLP) gene are known to cause the dysmyelinating disorder Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD). To understand the cellular response to overexpressed PLP in PMD, we have overexpressed PLP in BHK cells and primary cultures of oligodendrocytes with the Semliki Forest virus expression system. Overexpressed PLP was routed to late endosomes/lyso...

The proteolipid protein (PLP) gene codes for the major central nervous system myelin protein. We have studied the effects of different agents on the expression of the PLP gene in C6 glioma cells. Retinoic acid (RA), but not dexamethasone, estradiol, insulin, growth hormone, or vitamin D3, had a drastic effect, increasing 10-20-fold the level of PLP mRNA. Concomitantly, RA also induced the appea...