An abstract semantic model called augmented transition network (ATN) to model multimedia presentations is proposed. An ATN is created based on a multi-media input string and it consists of a set of states and directed arcs. The advantages to using a multimedia input string to generate an ATN are its simplicity and ease of modiication. The arc symbols of subnetworks represent the temporal and sp...

OBJECTIVES To report nephrotoxicity in the form of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) related to vancomycin. METHODS This study was conducted at Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Saudi Aramco, Dharan, Saudi Arabia between June and August 2013. All patients who received intravenous vancomycin as a part of the hospital's vancomycin stewardship program were monitored for the development of ATN. RESUL...

The augmented transition network (ATN) is a formalism for writing parsing grammars that has been much used in Artificial Intelligence and Computational Linguistics. A few researchers have also used ATNs for writing grammars for generating sentences. Previously , however, either generation ATNs did not have the same semantics as parsing ATNs, or they required an auxiliary mechanism to determine ...

1. An ATN p a r s e r f o r I t a l i a n h a s b e e n d e v e l o p e d a n d t e s t e d i n a s e r i e s o f e x p e r i m e n t s o n c o m p l e x s e n t e n c e s t a k e n f r o m n a r r a t i v e t e x t s ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) . The c o n s t r u c t i o n o f a c o m p l e x graemmz a s w e l l a s t h e r e s u l t s o f o u r e x p e r i m e n t s showed some l i m i t s and i n a d...

A generalization of the notion of ATN grammar, called a cascaded ATN (CATN), is presented. CATN's permit a decomposition of complex language understanding behavior into a sequence of cooperating ATN's with separate domains of responsibility, where each stage (called an ATN transducer) takes its input from the output of the previous stage. The paper includes an extensive discussion of the princi...

Background and objective: Anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (ATN-DBS) has been shown to be an effective method in seizure reduction. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the potential beneficial effects of ATN-DBS on hippocampus in epileptic rhesus monkeys. Methods: Eighteen rhesus monkeys were randomly divided into three groups: contro...

The topography of the auriculotemporal nerve (ATN) root system is the main criterion of this nerve classification. Previous publications indicate that ATN may have between one and five roots. Most common is a one- or two-root variant of the nerve structure. The problem of many publications is the inconsistency of nomenclature which concerns the terms "roots", "connecting branches", or "branches...

INTRODUCTION The cognitive and behavioral effect of deep brain stimulation (DBS) administered to the deep cerebral nuclei for epilepsy treatment is unknown. We investigated the cognitive outcomes at least 12 months after DBS to the bilateral anterior thalamic nucleus (ATN) for controlling intractable epilepsy. METHODS Nine patients with intractable epilepsy who were not candidates for resecti...

INTRODUCTION Sepsis is the most common trigger of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients; understanding the structural changes associated with its occurrence is therefore important. Accordingly, we systematically reviewed the literature to assess current knowledge on the histopathology of septic AKI. METHODS A systematic review of the MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINHAL databases and bib...