Introduction B1 inhomogeneity in a human body increases as the strength of static magnetic field increases and the RF wavelength becomes smaller. Recently, various RF control methods have been developed to reduce B1 inhomogeneity. For example, some methods involve devices such as dielectric pads [1,2] or coupling coils [3,4], or techniques such as B1 shimming [5,6]. However, B1 inhomogeneity st...

Transmit SENSE. For this purpose, an ROI was drawn in the occipital lobe (white ROI Fig3) and two B1 Phase Shim solutions were calculated and applied in order to obtain an homogeneous B1 magnitude within this ROI: one based on the estimated B1 maps, another one based on the measured B1 maps. As can be seen in Fig3 (in degrees), both B1 Shim sets produced tremendous improvement in B1 efficiency ...

a r t i c l e i n f o JEL classification: C53 G17 Keywords: GARCH Higher conditional moments Approximate predictive distributions Value-at-Risk S&P 500 Treasury bill rate Euro–US dollar exchange rate It is widely accepted that some of the most accurate Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimates are based on an appropriately specified GARCH process. But when the forecast horizon is greater than the frequency...

The O-Ring theory is used to analyze the emergence of ̄rms organized as partnerships. The owner-managers of such entrepreneurial ̄rms bene ̄t from ability matching within their production teams. However, they must bear the project risk. Risk-aversion then induces a second-best solution. Integrated ̄rms managed on behalf of riskneutral residual-claimants face information and/or enforcement problem...