The inhibition of growth hormone (GH) signaling by five members of the GH-inducible suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS/CIS) family was investigated in transfected COS cells. Complete inhibition of GH activation of the signal transducer STAT5b and STAT5b-dependent transcriptional activity was observed upon expression of SOCS-1 or SOCS-3, while partial inhibition (CIS, SOCS-2) or no inhibitio...

In subprimates, significant onset of growth hormone receptor (GHR) expression occurs only after birth whereas, in the human, GHR mRNA and protein are widely manifest from the first trimester of fetal life. Thus, it is likely that subprimates are not the best models for studying regulation of human GHR gene transcription, especially during early stages in development. Here we have explored the p...

BACKGROUND Recognising radical shifts in the global health research (GHR) environment, participants in a 2013 deliberative dialogue called for careful consideration of equity-centred principles that should inform Canadian funding polices. This study examined the existing funding structures and policies of Canadian and international funders to inform the future design of a responsive GHR funding...

Sepsis, a life-threatening complication of infections and the most common cause of death in intensive care units, is characterized by a hyperactive and out-of-balance network of endogenous proinflammatory cytokines. None of the current therapies are entirely effective, illustrating the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Ghrelin (GHR) is an orexigenic peptide that has emerged as a potential ...

The incidence and prevalence of premalignant and malignant skin lesions including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin are increasing worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine TP53, Bcl-2 and growth hormone receptor (GHR) expression in SCC and to investigate relative importance of these proto-oncogenes in its biological behavior. Expression of TP53, Bcl-2 and GHR was determined by i...

CONTEXT A polymorphism of the GH receptor (GHR) gene resulting in genomic deletion of exon 3 (GHR-d3) has been associated with responsiveness to GH therapy. However, the data reported so far do vary according to the underlying condition, replacement dose, and duration of the treatment. OBJECTIVE, DESIGN: The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of the GHR genotypes in terms of the initia...

In cirrhosis, as in other conditions of protein catabolism, there is a state of acquired GH resistance, as defined by high circulating GH levels with low insulin-like growth factor I levels. However, patients with end-stage liver failure respond to supraphysiological doses of GH with an increase in circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels. The present study represents a detailed analysis...

Signal transduction by the growth hormone receptor (GHR) occurs through growth hormone (GH)-induced dimerization of two GHRs to form a trimeric complex. It is thought that dimerization alone is sufficient for signaling, since monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the extracellular domain of the GHR elicit proliferation of FDC-P1 cells transfected with a chimeric receptor comprising the extracell...

GH-binding protein (GHBP) in the mouse consists of a ligand-binding domain, which is identical to the extracellular portion of the GH receptor (GHR), and a hydrophilic C-terminal domain, in place of the transmembrane and intracellular domains of the GHR. The two proteins are encoded by separate mRNAs which are derived from a single gene by alternative splicing. Determination of the gestational ...

The recently introduced generalized Hamiltonian–Real (GHR) calculus comprises, for the first time, the product and chain rules that makes it a powerful tool for quaternion-based optimization and adaptive signal processing. In this paper, we introduce novel dual relationships between the GHR calculus and multivariate real calculus, in order to provide a new, simpler proof of the GHR derivative r...