The B cell activating factor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor family (BAFF) is required for B cell survival and maturation. The mechanisms by which BAFF mediates B cell survival are less understood. We found that BAFF and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), which are related, block B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-induced apoptosis upstream of mitochondrial damage, which is consistent w...

The nuclear factorB (NFB) pathway is crucial for the survival of B cells stimulated through Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Here, we show that the heightened death of TLR4-activated nfkb1 / B cells is the result of a failure of the Tpl2/MEK/ERK pathway to phosphorylate the proapoptotic BH3-only protein Bim and target it for degradation. ERK inactivation of Bim after TLR4 stimulation is accompanied ...

The BIM-Tool provides graphical modeling and analysis support for the Business Intelligence Model (BIM). BIM-Tool is a standalone application built on top of Eclipse. The tool supports two kinds of automated reasoning: (1) bottom-up “what-if” analysis: given input labels about some elements of a BIM model (for example, success/failure for leaf goals), do these propagate to other elements in the...

Purpose – Building information modelling (BIM) in facilities management (FM) applications is an emerging area of research based on the theoretical proposition that BIM information, generated and captured during the lifecycle of a facility, can improve its management. Using this proposition as a starting point, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the value of BIM and the challenges affec...

The adoption of building information modeling (BIM) is increasing in the construction industry. However, quantity surveyors are slow in adoption compared to other professions due to lack of awareness of the BIM’s potential in their profession. It is still unclear on how BIM application can enhance quantity surveyors’ work performance and project performance. The aim of this research is to ident...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Building information modeling BIM promises BIM implementation Experimentation Cultural historical activity theory Evolutionary theory of innovation Building information modeling (BIM) refers to a combination or a set of technologies and organizational solutions that are expected to increase interorganizational and disciplinary collaboration in the construction in...

Trophic factor deprivation (TFD) activates c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), culminating in coordinate AP1-dependent transactivation of the BH3-only BCL-2 proteins BIM(EL) and HRK, which in turn are critical for BAX-dependent cytochrome c release, caspase activation, and apoptosis. Here, we report that TFD caused not only induction but also phosphorylation of BIM(EL). Mitochondrially localized J...

The pro-apoptotic Bcl-2-family protein Bim belongs to the BH3-only proteins known as initiators of apoptosis. Recent data show that Bim is constitutively inserted in the outer mitochondrial membrane via a C-terminal transmembrane anchor from where it can activate the effector of cytochrome c-release, Bax. To identify regulators of Bim-activity, we conducted a search for proteins interacting wit...