Food utilization by the larvae of Toxorhynchites splendens (Wiedemann) was studied in the laboratory by offering larvae of Aedes aegypti Linnaeus, Anopheles stephensi (Liston), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Quantitative analyses of data indicated that immature development was significantly faster with increase in food availability. The regression analysis showed that the degrees of the rela...

In the present work Trichodina reticulata and T. nobilis (Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) are morphologically characterised from ornamental freshwater fish culture in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The prevalence of infection and a list of comparative measurements are discussed. We examined "southern platyfish" Xiphophorus maculatus (n = 35), "goldfish" Carassius auratus (n = 31), "guppy" Poec...

Examples of rarely reported dinoflagellates of the family Kofoidiniaceae F.J.R. Taylor (Noctilucales) from the northwest, equatorial and southeast Pacific Ocean are described and illustrated. Kofoidinium was the most ubiquitous genus with a maximum abundance of 10 cells L(-1). Specimens of this genus were identified to four species: Kofoidinium sp. that showed a pointed extension that emerges f...

Insects such as black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are gaining interest among researchers and the aquafeed industry due to fluctuating price supply of fish meal (FM). This study evaluated growth performance, feed stability, blood biochemistry, liver gut morphology Betta splendens using BSFL an alternative FM. Five formulated diets were prepared: 0% BSFL, 6.5% 13% 19.5% 24.5% BSFL. The expansion ra...

Aerial parts of 38 taxa, distributed in 21 genera and all three subfamilies of the Bromeliaceae have been examined for the presence of betaines. Glycinebetaine and trigonelline were isolated from all the plants studied, although the yields of both compounds were low. For glycinebetaine, values (based upon dry weight) varied from 0.0004% for Pitcairnia corallina to 0.087% for Tillandsia usneoide...

A combination of solid-phase-extraction (SPE) and reversed-phase preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (prep-HPLC) of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Artemisia splendens (common name: “Asia Minor Wormwood”), an endemic Iranian species, afforded Zand E-melilotosides (1 and 2), Zand E-4-methoxy-melilotosides (3 and 4), and a new dimer, bis-ortho-Z-melilotoside (5, named...

Ikan cupang (Betta splendens) jantan memiliki harga jual yang tinggi daripada ikan betina karena mempunyai warna lebih menarik, tubuh ramping, sirip panjang, dan agresif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perendaman artemia (Artemia salina) menggunakan air kelapa (Cocos nucifera) terhadap keberhasilan maskulinisasi konsentrasi terbaik sebagai media pengarahan kelamin pada splen...