The present study was undertaken to investigate the beneficial effects of Atorvastatin and Simvastatin in cognitive dysfunctions of rats. Alprazolam, Scopolamine and high fat diet (HFD) induced amnesia served as interoceptive memory models where as, Water-maze and Elevated plus-maze served as exteroceptive models. A total of 38 groups of rats were used in this investigation. Escape latency time...

Rodents submitted to restraint stress show decreased activity in an elevated plus-maze (EPM) 24 h later. The objective of the present study was to determine if a certain amount of time is needed after stress for the development of these changes. We also wanted to verify if behavioral tolerance of repeated daily restraint would be detectable in this model. Male Wistar rats were restrained for 2 ...

This work describes a neural network model of the rat exploratory behavior in the elevated plus-maze, a test used to study anxiety. It involves three parameters: drive to explore; drive to avoid aversive stimuli; and spontaneous locomotor activity. Each network unit corresponds to a specific location in the maze and the connections, only between closest neighbors, represent the possible adjacen...

The traditional use of essential oils in aromatherapy has offered numerous health benefits. However, few scientific studies have been conducted with these oils to confirm their therapeutic efficacy. (+)-Limonene is a chemical constituent of various bioactive essential oils. The present study reports on the anxiolytic-like effects of (+)-limonene in an elevated maze model of anxiety in mice. At ...

Behavioral characteristics of the animal models and humans are impaired in chronic stress. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the protective effects of sertraline and curcumin on stress-induced learning and memory impairment, anxiety and anhedonia in rats. Male rats were divided into seven groups: stress+water, stress+olive oil, stress+curcumin (100 mg/kg/day), stress+sertraline (1...

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the anxiolytic activity of methanolic extract of Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.(Sapindaceae). The anxiolytic activity was evaluated by Elevated plus maze, Y-maze, Hole-board, Actophotometer, and Marble-burying behavior models. The efficacy of the extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) was compared with the standard anxiolytic drugs Diazepam (2 mg/kg) and Fluoxetine...

Objective: The study was undertaken to compare the effect of ondansetron, granisetron and alprazolam on anxiety in rats. Materials and Methods: Elevated plus maze and Open field test were used to compare the effect of drugs on anxiety in rats. Six groups of rats were treated with 2% gum acacia orally, alprazolam 0.08mg/kg body weight of the rat orally, ondansetron (0.01mg/kg, 1mg/kg intraperito...

To investigate the behavioral effects of different vehicles microinjected into the dorsal periaqueductal grey (DPAG) of male Wistar rats, weighing 200-250 g, tested in the elevated plus maze, animals were implanted with cannulas aimed at this structure. One week after surgery the animals received microinjections into the DPAG of 0.9% (w/v) saline, 10% (v/v) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 2% (v/v) T...

Systematic observations of the defensive behavior of wild rodents have greatly informed the experimental study of anxiety and its neural substrates in laboratory animals. However, as the former work has been almost exclusively carried out in rats, few data are available concerning the reactivity of wild mice to standardized tests of anxiety-related behavior. In the present experiments, we emplo...