OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of maternal hyperoxygenation on fetal oxygenation and fetal heart rate decelerations during labor, using a simulation model. DESIGN Use of a mathematical model that simulates feto-maternal hemodynamics and oxygenation, designed in Matlab R2012a. SETTING Clinical and engineering departments in the Netherlands. METHODS We simulated variable and late fetal...

The electric fetal heart activity was firstly recorded as tiny deflections on maternal limb lead electrocardifogram (ECG) by Cremer [1], direct lead fetal ECG with needle electrode by Caldeyro-Barcia et al. [2] and with scalp lead clip electrode by Hon [3]. Indirect maternal abdominal lead fetal ECG (fECG) was recorded by Maeda and Nakano [4] and others. Intrapartum fetal heart rate (FHR) was m...

The enzyme level profiles of some regulatory enzymes and the isozyme patterns of some marker enzymes in bovine adult specialized, adult ordinary and fetal ordinary heart muscles were examined in order to biochemically characterize specialized heart muscle. The activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in adult specialized heart muscle were significantly...