The Domain Name System (DNS) is an essential component of the critical infrastructure of the Internet. The role of DNS is vital, as it is involved in virtually every Internet transaction. It is sometimes remarked that DNS works well as it is now and any changes to it may disrupt its functionality and add complexity. However, due to its importance, an insecure DNS is unacceptable for current and...

Abnormality of the p16 expression is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and hypermethylation of p16 gene is known as a major p16 inactivation mechanism. Cirrhotic nodule (CN) is now regarded as a preneoplastic lesion that is frequently associated with microscopic foci of HCC through dysplastic nodules (DNs). This observation clearly supports a multistep hepatocarcin...

A number of Internet applications rely on the Domain Name System (DNS) to support their operations. Many applications use the DNS to locate services for a domain; some, for example, transform identifiers other than domain names into formats that the DNS can process, and then fetch application data or service location data from the DNS. Proposals incorporating sophisticated application behavior ...

Abstract The Internet’s Domain Name System (DNS) responds to client hostname queries with corresponding IP addresses and records. Traditional DNS is unencrypted leaks user information on-lookers. Recent efforts secure using over TLS (DoT) HTTPS (DoH) have been gaining traction, ostensibly protecting messages from third parties. However, the small number of available public large-scale DoT DoH r...

Resources such as Web pages or videos that are published in the Internet are referred to by their Uniform Resource Locator (URL). If a user accesses a resource via its URL, the host name part of the URL needs to be translated into a routable IP address. This translation is performed by the Domain Name System service (DNS). DNS also plays an important role when Content Distribution Networks (CDN...

In this paper, we focus on the design and building of iDNS-MS by using knowledge-based system and ontological engineering technologies. iDNS-MS, developed by using web interface and expert system technology, is a unifying environment for providing plausible answers to help solve the complex DNS management problems or alleviate these DNS administration loadings. In iDNS-MS, we propose an ontolog...

This paper provides the first systematic study of DNS data taken from one of the 13 servers for the .com/.net registry. DNS’ generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs) such .com and .net serve resolvers from throughout the Internet and respond to billions of DNS queries every day. This study uses gTLD data to characterize the DNS resolver population and profile DNS query types. The results show a small ...

The Domain Name System (DNS) is a critical infrastructure of any network, and, not surprisingly a common target of cybercrime. There are numerous works that analyse higher level DNS traffic to detect anomalies in the DNS or any other network service. By contrast, few efforts have been made to study and protect the recursive DNS level. In this paper, we introduce a novel abstraction of the recur...

Distributed energy resources (DERs) including distributed generators (DGs) and controllable loads (CLs) are managed in the form of several microgrids (MGs) in active distributions networks (ADNs) to meet the demand locally. On the other hand, some loads of distribution networks (DNs) can be supplied by retailers which participate in wholesale energy markets. Therefore, there are several decisio...