this paper examines the application of a gis based planning support system, what if? tm, to evaluate alternative growth policies for sustainable urban growth in a rapidly growing city of iran. the paper describes the study area, dorood city, and the what if? model. it then explains the procedures that were used to obtain the required data and to run the model to dorood city. the paper concludes...

Models in science may be used for various purposes: organizing data, synthesizing information, and making predictions. However, the value of model predictions is undermined by their uncertainty, which arises primarily from the fact that our models of complex natural systems are always open. Models can never fully specify the systems that they describe, and therefore their predictions are always...

A variance swap is a derivative with a path-dependent payoff which allows investors to take positions on the future variability of an asset. In the idealised setting of a continuously monitored variance swap written on an asset with continuous paths it is well known that the variance swap payoff can be replicated exactly using a portfolio of puts and calls and a dynamic position in the asset. T...

1 FLD for binary classification 3 1.1 Idea: what is far apart? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 Translation to mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 Scatter vs. covariance matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4 The two scatter matrices and the FLD objective . . . . . . . . . 7 1.5 The optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

The debate over the revolution in military affairs (RMA) has become one of whither rather than whether. Most commentators agree that profound and inescapable changes are taking place in warfare. The discussion now focuses on defining this revolution more precisely, determining the extent and type of changes that it will effect in the near and long term, and what if anything should be done about...

3, 5, 7, 11, 13, . . . what's next? What general rule (apparently) produces this sequence? Maybe the sequence lists all the odd primes, but what if the next datum is 15? Maybe all odd numbers that are not squares? In this course we will study learning (identi cation) of in nite objects (such as in nite sequences) from nite data (such as initial pieces of the sequence), also known as Inductive I...

Emerging applications in the area of Emergency Response and Disaster Management are increasingly demanding interactive capabilities to allow for the quick understanding of a critical situation, in particular in urban environments. A key component of these interactive simulations is how to recreate the behavior of a crowd in realtime while supporting individual behaviors. Crowds can often be unp...

This is a set of notes, summarizing what we talked about in the second recitation. They are not meant to be rigorous, and are written informally, following what was discussed in class. The Likelihood Function Consider the probability distribution for the following unfair coin-toss random variable: P (X = 0) = 1/3 P (X = 1) = 2/3 This is an example of a probability distribution, and we are used ...

One of the most important resources we need today is electricity to carry out comfortably our day-to-day activities. While many nations in the world are abundantly enjoying this resource, more than 1.2 billion people do not have access to electricity. Most of these people are from developing nations typically from Africa and India. They happen to be poor and living in remote villages and mounta...