Zhang et al have taken this transla-tional medicine approach full circle by assessing the capacity of A11 to clear arterial throm-bus in 2 murine stroke models. Although A11 showed considerable promise in these studies, restoring blood flow, for example, when administered 2 hours after carotid artery occlu-sion, the most dramatic and encouraging findings were obtained with a second-generation d...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces strong responses from human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). In a previous report we identified an immunodominant region (amino acids 73-144) in the NEF protein that was recognized by CD8+ class I-restricted CTL of most asymptomatic individuals. Analysis of the 73-144 region by peptide sensiti...

In the mosquito Culex pipiens complex (Diptera: Culicidae), the amplification of carboxylesterase genes is an important mechanism providing resistance to organophosphate insecticides. Various amplified alleles at the Ester locus have been identified over the world. In this study, two newly detected Ester alleles, Ester(B10) and Ester(11) (including associated Ester(A11) and Ester(B11)), coding ...

PURPOSE The peptide vaccine candidates identified to date have been focused on the HLA-A2 and HLA-A24 alleles. The HLA-A11, HLA-A31, and HLA-A33 alleles share binding motifs and belong to an HLA-A3 supertype family. In this study, we attempted to identify CTL-directed peptide candidates, derived from prostate-related antigens and shared by HLA-A11+, HLA-A31+, and HLA-A33+ prostate cancer patien...

We have cloned a homologue of the homeotic gene Abdominal-B from the locust Schistocerca gregaria and raised antibodies against the homeodomain and C-terminal flanking region of the encoded protein. This antibody stains the posterior abdomen of the developing Schistocerca embryo from 26% of development onwards, a stage when only the anterior of the abdomen is visibly segmented. By the time segm...

Romidepsin (FK228, depsipeptide) is a potent histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor that has FDA approval for the treatment of cutaneous and peripheral T-cell lymphomas. We have previously reported that FK228 and its analogs have an additional activity as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors, and are defined as HDAC/PI3K dual inhibitors. Because a combination of an HDAC inhibitor and a...