background: chronic inflammation and dys-regulation of the immune system mechanisms are now well established as primary triggers of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease. galectin-9 (gal-9) is a member of the galectin family and known as an inducer of cell aggregation, adhesion and apoptosis. gal-9 interaction with its main ligand t-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain protein-3 (tim-3) leads...

a case o f intrahepatic stone and its t r eat ment i s present e d . the t ype s o f i ntrahepatic s tones , t h e etiological f act o r , t he ways of di agno s is and t reatment a re b eing discussed. the disease is common in far eastern c ountri es a nd asian are a, with c lonorchi s s i nens is inf estation, but s peci ally in iran when the s tones i s a lone in intrahepatic ducts without e...

in the long-term management of ulcerative colitis patients, repeat dosing maybe required. since 5-asa is largely absorbed from the upper intestine, selective delivery of drugs into the colon may be regarded as a better method of drug delivery with fewer side effects and a higher efficacy. the aim of this study was to prepare and evaluate a double coated multiparticulate system for 5-asa deliver...

thus the data show a re lationship between radiation and the development of thyroid ca rci noma and i mp l y that s eeking and r emoving such tumors woul d be beneficial . as in most situations, however, this s i mp l e r elationship is clouded by a va r i e t y of associated prob l ems , which mus t be ca r efull y considered. the surgical pr oce dure r e c ommended f or r emoval o f a nodule ...

background:   myasthenia  gravis (mg) is an  autoimmune disorder   characterized   by  weakness   and   fatigability  of skeletal muscles. the aim of this study was to determine if pathological characteristics in non-thymomatous patients of mg would correlate with prognosis in a three year follow up. methods:   patients  who  had  had  their  thymectomy   at least  three  years prior to  the  s...

silica sulfuric acid is found to catalyze efficiently the condensation of o-phenylenediamines with various linear and cyclic ketones to afford the corresponding 1,5-benzodiazepines in quantitative yields under solvent-free conditions at room temperature

the main purpose of this paper is to examine the relevance of islamic microfinance in the light of ongoing erosion of confidence in the viability of current financial system, full of speculatory finance in the prevailing global financial market. for example, the sub-prime crisis of 2007-2008 in the us with its effects all over the world was mainly due to the inadequate market discipline which i...

3,4-ِdihydropyrano[c]chromene derivatives were synthesized using sulfonic acid functionalized silica (sio2-pr-so3h) as a highly efficient heterogenous solid acid catalyst via one-pot three-component condensation of aromatic aldehydes with malononitrile and 4-hydroxycoumarin in excellent yields.