Phagocytosis and killing by alveolar macrophages from humans, rabbits, rats, and hamsters, were compared in vitro. In the absence of serum opsonins, human alveolar macrophages could phagocytize Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (protein A positive), but not S. aureus EMS (protein A negative) or Pseudomonas aeruginosa MN. In contrast, rabbit, rat, and hamster alveolar macrophages did not phagocytize...

It is often assumed that the participants of a conversation try to avoid simultaneous starts or lengthy silences. For this reason, they may tend to synchronize rhythmically with each other’s speech. A model of conversational turn-taking based on the idea of coupled oscillators has been suggested by Wilson & Wilson [1]. However, the model has received only weak empirical support from previous st...

This paper presents the heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of a primary surface heat exchanger (PSHE) with corrugated surfaces. The PSHE was experimentally investigated for a Reynolds number range of 156–921 under various flow conditions on the hot and cold sides. The inlet temperature of the hot side was maintained at 40 ̋C, while that of the cold side was maintained at 20 ̋C. A c...

In [k]n = [k]×[k]× · · ·×[k], a line consists of the collection of points where all but one coordinate is fixed and the unfixed coordinate varies over all possibilities. We consider the problem of marking (or designating) one point on each line in [k]n so that each point in [k]n is marked either a or b times, for some fixed a or b. This is equivalent to forming a strategy for a hat guessing gam...

هدف: هدف این پژوهش مقایسه اثربخشی امیددرمانی و معنویت درمانی بر کیفیت زندگی، قند خون فشار زنان میانسال مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو بود. روش: حاضر نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس پیگیری گروه گواه جامعه آماری شامل تمام 2 مراجعه کننده مرکز تحقیقات دیابت، متابولیسم غدد شهر تهران در سال 1399 بودند که ‏45 نفر شیوه نمونه‌گیری دسترس انتخاب صورت تصادفی آزمایش یک (هر 15 نفر) قرار گرفتند. ابزار پرسشنامه کوتاه...

We find explicit analytical formulae for the time dependence of the probability of the number of Okazaki fragments produced during the process of DNA replication. This extends a result of Cowan on the asymptotic probability distribution of these fragments.

G. Cowan Physics Department, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK Abstract A pedagogical introduction to the problem of unfolding probability distributions in particle physics is given. Several of the most commonly used methods are reviewed and compared.

Working memory is a central theoretical construct in cognitive psychology. Although there are different theoretical conceptualisations of working memory in the literature, most researchers agree that limited capacity in working memory is a key aspect (Baddeley, 2001; Cowan, 2005; Kane & Engle, 2000, 2003). Working memory skills play an important role for a range of higher-order cognitive functi...

Imagine the improbable. A man with a dense anterograde amnesia is lying in bed at night, at home, watching television while his wife, who generally strives to be at his side, steps out of the room to take a shower. During that time, there is a power failure and both the man and his wife are left in the dark and the silence, separated for all of 7 minutes while she gropes around for her towel, g...