Background: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is the most important method in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules before surgery. Recently, the efficiency of FNA in thyroid nodule management has been debatable. On the other hand, intraoperative frozen section (FS) has been used to confirm the diagnosis of FNA and select the proper surgical approach. In this regard, the present study aimed to assess the...

Introduction: Perepubertal varicocele can result in hypotrophy of testes, sperm damage and decrease the function of leydig cells in future. pathophysiology of varicocele is unclear. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major theory. There are many controversies in treatment of pediatric varicocele. Flaxseed (FS) is the richest source of lignans with antioxidant properties. The aim of...

Fogo selvagem (FS) is an autoimmune disease caused by IgG autoantibodies to desmoglein I (DG-I), a desmosomal glycoprotein. We have previously shown that the autoantibodies in these patients are pathogenic and restricted mainly to the IgG4 subclass. The purpose of this study was to determine if the Fc domain or the valence of FS autoantibodies were relevant in the induction of epidermal disease...

The anterior pituitary gland is organized tissue comprising hormone-producing cells and folliculostellate (FS) cells. FS cells interconnect to form a meshwork, and their cytoplasmic processes are anchored by a basement membrane containing laminin. Recently, we developed a three-dimensional (3D) cell culture that reproduces this FS cell architecture. In this study of the novel function of FS cel...

Fibrin sealant (FS) and tranexamic acid (TXA) have been used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to minimize perioperative blood loss. The efficacy of FS has been debated, and few studies have looked into the effects of FS and TXA on perioperative coagulability. The current study retrospectively reviewed 100 cases of unilateral primary TKA. Twenty-five cases served as blank controls, FS was used w...

In this paper, we introduce the notion of super finitely separating functions which gives a characterization of RB-domains. Then we prove that FS-domains and RB-domains are equivalent in some special cases by the following three claims: a dcpo is an RB-domain if and only if there exists an approximate identity for it consisting of super finitely separating functions; a consistent join-semilatti...

Fast-spiking cells (FS cells) are a prominent subtype of neocortical GABAergic interneurons with important functional roles. Multiple FS cell properties are coordinated for rapid response. Here, we describe an FS cell feature that serves to gate the powerful inhibition produced by FS cell activity. We show that FS cells in layer 2/3 barrel cortex possess a dampening mechanism mediated by Kv1.1-...

The effects of heat treatment and concentration of fish serum (FS) on cell growth and human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) production in an adhesion culture of recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, DR1000L4N, were investigated. The addition of heat treated FS instead of non-heat-treated FS improved cell growth in terms of cell density, which reached 60% that...

Follistatin (FS) inhibits several members of the TGF-beta superfamily, including myostatin (Mstn), a negative regulator of muscle growth. Mstn inhibition by FS represents a potential therapeutic approach of muscle atrophy. The aim of our study was to investigate the mechanisms of the FS-induced muscle hypertrophy. To test the role of satellite cells in the FS effect, we used irradiation to dest...