Previous studies have shown that alpha event-related desynchronization (α-ERD) is associated with reaction to visual stimuli in oddball paradigm, as a reflection of attention allocation and memory updating. The present study tested the hypothesis that it reflects a modality and/or frequency specific mechanism. Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings (64 channels) were performed on 18 healthy su...

BACKGROUND Significant advances in the pharmacologic treatment of erectile dysfunction (ERD) have occurred in recent years, most notably the introduction of sildenafil, the first oral selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, in 1998. Sildenafil quickly gained acceptance by the medical community and the public because of its broad efficacy for different types of ERD and its ease of u...

Transient sensory, motor or cognitive event elicit not only phase-locked event-related potentials (ERPs) in the ongoing electroencephalogram (EEG), but also induce non-phase-locked modulations of ongoing EEG oscillations. These modulations can be detected when single-trial waveforms are analysed in the time-frequency domain, and consist in stimulus-induced decreases (event-related desynchroniza...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE New strategies like motor imagery based brain-computer interfaces, which use brain signals such as event-related desynchronization (ERD) or event-related synchronization (ERS) for motor rehabilitation after a stroke, are undergoing investigation. However, little is known about the relationship between ERD and ERS patterns and the degree of stroke impairment. The aim of th...

BACKGROUND Evidence shows an influence relationship between described symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD) and emotional state. OBJECTIVE To determine the relationship between anxiety and depression with GERD in patients referred to the endoscopy unit of Bouali-Sina Hospital in Qazvin. METHODS This case-control study was conducted in the endoscopy unit of Bouali-Sina Hospital...

OBJECTIVE To study spatiotemporal patterns of event-related desynchronization (ERD) preceding voluntary sequential finger movements performed with dominant right hand and nondominant left hand. METHODS Nine subjects performed self-paced movements consisting of three key strokes with either hand. Subjects randomized the laterality and timing of movements. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorde...

Sickle cell trait (SCT) has historically been thought of as a benign condition. However, there has been increasing recognition that, in athletes, SCT is associated with an elevated risk for exertion-related death (ERD). With the hope to minimise future tragedies, Harmon et al sought to quantify the association of SCT and ERD. They looked at data compiled on nearly two million collegiate ‘athlet...

Designing and understanding of diagrammatic representations is a critical issue for the success of software projects because diagrams in this field provide a collection of related information with various perceptual signs and they help software engineers to understand operational systems at different levels of information system development process. Entity relationship diagram (ERD) is one of t...

BACKGROUND Motor imagery training is a promising rehabilitation strategy for stroke patients. However, few studies had focused on the neural mechanisms in time course of its cognitive process. This study investigated the cognitive alterations after left hemispheric ischemic stroke during motor imagery task. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Eleven patients with ischemic stroke in left hemisphere...

We investigated movement-related change in the cortical EEG signal by simultaneous recording from the primary sensorimotor area (S1-M1) and the supplementary motor area proper (SMA proper) in four patients with intractable partial epilepsy. By the use of temporal spectral evolution (TSE) analysis, the change in background cortical activity in relation to self-paced finger/wrist extension was co...