Background Implementing efficient stoves and clean fuels in low and middle-income countries are critical for improving health of poor women and children and improve the environment. Cleaner biomass stoves, however, perform poorly against the World Health Organization's indoor air quality guidelines. This has shifted the focus to systematic dissemination and implementation of cleaner cooking sys...

Steam reforming is one of the most important processes for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels such as LPG and has attracted much attention due to its high efficiency and economy. In this study, the LPG steam reforming reaction was investigated on nickel catalysts supported on four various zeolites (H-Y, Na-Y, HZSM5 and Ferrierite). The catalytic tests were performed in a tubular fixed be...

Upon their internalization by macrophages, Leishmania promastigotes inhibit phagolysosome biogenesis. The main factor responsible for this inhibition is the promastigote surface glycolipid lipophosphoglycan (LPG). This glycolipid has a profound impact on the phagosome, causing periphagosomal accumulation of F-actin and disruption of phagosomal lipid microdomains. Functionally, this LPG-mediated...

In part of the life cycle within their sand fly vector, Leishmania major parasites first attach to the fly's midgut through their main surface adhesin lipophosphoglycan (LPG) and later resynthesize a structurally distinct LPG that results in detachment and eventual transmission. One of these structural modifications requires the addition of alpha1,2-D-arabinopyranose caps to beta1,3-galactose s...

Recently we presented a method for modeling a quantum system to a bath that explicitly correlates the system with the individual bath modes. We do this through representation of the bath by locally propagating Gaussians (LPG), which change in position and momentum but remain Gaussian in form. The explicit correlation of the system to the bath modes enters through the simultaneous use of a di†er...

Trichomonas vaginalis is one of the most common nonviral sexually transmitted human infections and, worldwide, has been linked to increased incidence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmission, preterm delivery, low birth weight, cervical cancer, and vaginitis. The molecular pathways that are important in initiating host inflammatory and immune responses to T. vaginalis are poorly unde...

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is an important urban gas source in China. Before supplied to customers by pipeline supply systems, LPG is stored in tanks in LPG vaporization stations. Designers usually decide the number and the size of storage tanks by their experience during constructions of vaporization stations. These decisions are usually not best and most economical. To solve the problem, a...

OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of monoclonal antibodies (MABS) raised against L. major derived LPG on L. major development in vitro and in its natural vector P. duboscqi. Also determine whether LPG molecule and the sand fly the gut lysates have shared epitopes. DESIGN A laboratory based study. SETTING Colony bred P. duboscqi sand flies and all other experiments were done under laboratory c...

Use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in compression-ignition (C-I) engines has always been considered important in the diesel engineering field. This is due to its easy accessibility and good combustion characteristics. In this paper the application of LPG fuel along with diesel oil in a direct- injection automotive diesel engine is experimentally investigated. In order to convert the pure dies...

In this work, we explore the possibility of using photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) as a fiber-optic sensing platform for structural health monitoring, based on long-period gratings (LPGs). Two types of PCF-LPG sensors are proposed for detection of structure corrosion and vibration, respectively. We numerically and experimentally investigate the behaviors of modal transition in the PCF-LPG humidit...