Intellectual property rights have become increasingly important in scientific research. As the legal regime has been tightened and attitudes of funders, employers and researchers have changed, serious challenges are emerging to the free flow of ideas and information on which the scientific enterprise rests. It is important that individual scientists are aware of their rights and convinced to us...

Abstract In academic discourse it has been pointed out that many European courts do not pay sufficient attention to assessing the proportionality of patent law remedies. Article 3 Enforcement Directive (IPRED), which harmonizes remedies for all intellectual property rights (IPRs), requires be proportionate. However, seems this requirement is often overlooked, with more being paid rest Art. 3, n...

This research paper aims to examine the current state of intellectual property rights (IPRs) and propose a way forward address challenges faced by various stakeholders in global landscape. Specifically, will look at around world. In this paper, researcher discussed role that play fostering innovation, creativity, economic growth. We also highlighted controversies surround IPRs, such as debate o...

Having examined in Part One the main aspects of the global architecture of IPRs, Part Two focuses on some broad cross-cutting issues that could be seen as opportunities for developing countries in the design of intellectual property regimes which are responsive to their local conditions. The following chapters discuss issues such as innovation and creativity, access to new technologies and tran...

The global area under genetically modified (GM) crops grew rapidly in the first ten years of GM technology adoption. However, the protection of innovators’ intellectual property rights (IPRs) has remained controversial, especially in developing countries, where IPR enforcement is lax. Weak enforcement of IPRs in developing countries has resulted in the failure of markets to transfer rents from ...

Abstract This article analyses the role of national and international intellectual property (IP) law in assessing IP as a protected investment. It offers two approaches for controlling investment arbitration related to rights (IPRs), followed by an examination implications challenges those approaches. Its main argument is that even if dispute arises from (IP investment), it does not necessarily...