abstract background: chronic illnesses such as coronary heart disease are among the most prevalent and costly of all global health problems. coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, including iran. one aspect of living with chronic illness is self-management which can reduce the impact of illness on daily life and maintain the quality of life. a qualitative understanding of...

conclusions implementing the self-management program plus regular follow-up increased the perception of self-efficacy in patients with ms. similar self-management programs are recommended to be integrated in the regular caring of patients with ms. results no significant difference in mean scores of baseline self-efficacy was found between the control (52.90 ± 8.03) and the intervention groups (...

conclusions lack of difference in self-esteem of disabled people in different degrees of disability and in both men and women suggests that disabled people should not be presumed to have low self-esteem, and their different aspects of life should be attended to, just like others. furthermore, studies should be designed and implemented based on psychological, social and environmental factors tha...

background: diabetes is one of the chronic and prevalent diseases in the world. the number of diabetic patients has increased 7 times during the last 20 years. if the current trend continues, there will be 350 million diabetics in 2030. it means that 7 million people will be patients annually. up to now, different unadjustable factors have been monitored in self-care for diabetes to manage and ...

the present study was conducted to examine the relationship between the self-supervision and the self-efficacy of iranian efl teachers and also the relationship between the self-supervision and the self-efficacy of intermediate adult learners individually. to this end, 40 efl teachers and 55 intermediate adult learners were selected from two branches of kish language institute. in this study, “...