We define a hierarchy of complexity classes that lie between P and RP, yielding a new way of quantifying partial progress towards the derandomization of RP. A standard approach in derandomization is to reduce the number of random bits an algorithm uses. We instead focus on a model of computation that allows us to quantify the extent to which random bits are being used. More specifically, we con...

The robust tensor completion (RTC) problem, which aims to reconstruct a low-rank from partially observed contaminated by sparse tensor, has received increasing attention. In this paper, leveraging the superior expression of fully-connected network (FCTN) decomposition, we propose $\textbf{FCTN}$-based $\textbf{r}$obust $\textbf{c}$onvex optimization model (RC-FCTN) for RTC problem. Then, rigoro...

The connected vertex cover problem is a variant of the vertex cover problem, in which a vertex cover is additional required to induce a connected subgraph in a given connected graph. The problem is known to be NP-hard and to be at least as hard to approximate as the vertex cover problem is. While several 2-approximation NC algorithms are known for vertex cover, whether unweighted or weighted, n...

W-CDMA (Wideband-CDMA) is expected to play a significant role in the radio access technology of third-generation mobile telecommunication systems. In second-generation systems, voice traffic from each user has been transmitted mainly via the dedicated transport (radio) channel. In addition, the third-generation systems will efficiently accommodate data traffic based on packet transmission in th...

Three polymorphs of 2,4,6-tri-bromo-benzo-nitrile (RCN), C7H2Br3N, two of which are novel and one of which is a redetermination of the original structure first determined by Carter & Britton [(1972). Acta Cryst. B28, 945-950] are found to be polytypic. Each has a layer structure which differs only in the stacking of the layers. Each layer is composed of mol-ecules associated through C N⋯Br cont...

A mobile device connects to the cell tower (base station) from which it receives the strongest signal. As the device moves it may connect to a series of towers. The process in which the device changes the base station it is connected to is called handover. A cell tower is connected to a radio network controller (RNC) which controls many of its operations, including handover. Each cell tower han...

The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) offers a panoply of 3G services. In addition to delivery of images, graphics and video communications, UMTS is used for such applications as banking and e-commerce and hence security is a critical concern. In the present paper, we are interested in the confidentiality feature in the UMTS Network Access. Ciphering when applied is performed in...