BACKGROUND Non-human primates infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) represent a robust model to evaluate pre-clinical efficacy of HIV-1 preventive strategies and to determine the size of reservoir. METHODS We developed a real-time qPCR assay to specifically quantify episomal 2-LTR circular DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and brain tissues from SIV-infected macaques. RE...

In rhesus macaques, classic systemic infection, characterized by persistent viremia and seroconversion, occurred after multiple low-dose (10(3) 50% tissue culture infective doses) intravaginal (IVAG) inoculations with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) strain SIVmac251. Monkeys developed classic SIV infections after a variable number of low-dose IVAG exposures to SIVmac251. Once established, t...

To assess human exposure to Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) in west central Africa, we looked for SIV infection in 788 monkeys that were hunted in the rainforests of Cameroon for bushmeat or kept as pets. Serologic reactivity suggesting SIV infection was found in 13 of 16 primate species, including 4 not previously known to harbor SIV. Overall, 131 sera (16.6%) reacted strongly and an addit...

Abstract Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies [1] of the evolution Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) (the monkey analogue Human (HIV) have revealed that SIV is localised in different organs at stages infection. Promising routes to completely eradicate HIV virus particles involve therapies target infection cellular level. Our previous μ -Particle Induced X-ray ( μ- PIXE) very large varia...

This systematic review and meta-analysis summarises the literature on parental acceptance, hesitancy, uptake, associated factors of seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) among children aged 6–59 months. Studies were sourced from following platforms: PubMed, Web Science, MEDLINE, EMBASE databases. A random-effects model was used to evaluate prevalence 95% confidence intervals (CI) SIV uptake in l...

زمینه و هدف: در حال حاضر شواهد فزاینده‌ای وجود دارد که نشان می‌دهد مسیرهای پیش‌التهابی توسط سلول‌های T (که IL-17 IL-22 را ترشح می‌کنند)، تعدیل می‌شوند، نقش مهمی کنترل سوخت‌وسازی دارند. هدف از پژوهش بررسی اثر تمرین هوازی همراه با مصرف عصارة آبی سیر بر بیان IL-17، مقاومت‌ به ‌انسولین موش‌های صحرایی دیابتی استرپتوزوتوسین است.مواد روش‌ها: این تحقیق تجربی،40 سر موش نر (سن 5 هفته وزن 24/15 ± 12/162 گ...

MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cells play an important role in controlling HIV and SIV replication. In SIV-infected Indian rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), comprehensive CD8+ T cell epitope identification has only been undertaken for two alleles, Mamu-A*01 and Mamu-B*17. As a result, these two molecules account for virtually all known MHC class I-restricted SIV-derived CD8+ T cell epitopes. SIV...

Analysis of rhesus macaques infected with a vpx deletion mutant virus of simian immunodeficiency virus mac239 (SIVΔvpx) demonstrates that Vpx is essential for efficient monocyte/macrophage infection in vivo but is not necessary for development of AIDS. To compare myeloid-lineage cell infection in monkeys infected with SIVΔvpx compared to SIVmac239, we analyzed lymphoid and gastrointestinal tiss...

The design of an effective vaccine to reduce the incidence of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) via breastfeeding will require identification of protective immune responses that block postnatal virus acquisition. Natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) sustain nonpathogenic infection and rarely transmit the virus to their infants despite high...

Lack of chronic immune activation in the presence of persistent viremia is a key feature that distinguishes nonpathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection in natural hosts from pathogenic SIV and HIV infection. To elucidate novel mechanisms downmodulating immune activation in natural hosts of SIV infection, we investigated natural killer T (NKT) lymphocytes in sooty mangabeys. NKT ...