Density matrix perturbation theory [Niklasson and Challacombe, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 193001 (2004)] is generalized to canonical (NVT) free-energy ensembles in tight-binding, Hartree-Fock, or Kohn-Sham density-functional theory. The canonical density matrix perturbation theory can be used to calculate temperature-dependent response properties from the coupled perturbed self-consistent field equat...

In this work we present a computer simulation study of charged hard spherocylinders of aspect ratio L/sigma=5, using NVT and NPT Monte Carlo methods. Coulombic interactions are handled using the Wolf method [D. Wolf, P. Keblinski, S. R. Phillpot, and J. Eggebrecht, J. Chem. Phys. 110, 8254 (1999)]. Thermodynamic and structural properties are in excellent agreement with the results obtained with...

A number of seismic and other geophysical phenomena exhibit significant lateral heterogeneity along the strike Cascadia forearc. Both overriding downgoing plate have been invoked to play dominant role in controlling along-strike correlations between seismogenic behavior, potential field measurements, morphological/tectonic characteristics, structure; however, feedbacks likely exist two. In this...

BACKGROUND Vaccine-serotype (VT) invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) rates declined substantially following introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) into national immunization programs. Increases in non-vaccine-serotype (NVT) IPD rates occurred in some sites, presumably representing serotype replacement. We used a standardized approach to describe serotype-specific IPD cha...

BACKGROUND A village-randomized trial of a seven-valent pneumococcal-conjugate-vaccine (PCV-7) conducted in rural Gambia showed a decrease of vaccine-type (VT) and a non-significant increase in non-vaccine-type (NVT) nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococci two years after vaccination. Here, we report findings four years after vaccination. METHODS PCV-7 was given to all children below 30 months...

[1] The discovery of non‐volcanic tremor (NVT) has opened a new window to observe major Earth plate boundaries. However, the spectral characteristics of NVT have not been well studied due to poor signal‐ to‐noise ratio (SNR) on individual seismograms. We estimate the spectral content of Cascadia tremor between 2.5 and 20 Hz by suppressing noise using array analysis, and compute empirical path c...

Understanding the epidemiology of pneumococcal co-colonization is important for monitoring vaccine effectiveness and the occurrence of horizontal gene transfer between pneumococcal strains. In this study we aimed to evaluate the impact of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on pneumococcal co-colonization among Portuguese children. Nasopharyngeal samples from children up to 6...