Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a multifunctional cytokine shown to play a critical role in organ morphogenesis, development, growth regulation, cellular differentiation, gene expression, and tissue remodeling after injury. We examined the effect of exogenously administered TGF-β1 on the expression of surfactant proteins (SPs) and lipids, fatty acid synthetase, and ultrastructural mor...

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) stimulates a broad range of effects which are cell type dependent, and it has been suggested to induce cellular senescence. On the other hand, long-term culture of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has a major impact on their cellular physiology and therefore it is well conceivable that the molecular events triggered by TGF-β1 differ conside...

background: regulatory cd4+t (treg) cells are effective in maintaining immune tolerance. objective: to investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of transforming growth factor β-1 (tgf-β1) and forkhead box protein 3 (foxp3) genes in iranian patients with allergic rhinitis (ar). methods: variations at codons 10 and 25 of tgf-β1 and foxp3 at positions -3279 a>c and -924 a>g were evaluated...

Obesity and sleep fragmentation (SF) are often co-occurring pro-inflammatory conditions in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Leptin is a peptide hormone produced by adipocytes that has anorexigenic effects upon appetite while regulating immunity. The role of leptin in mediating inflammatory responses to SF is incompletely understood. Male C57BL/6j (lean) and ob/ob mice (leptin-deficient mi...

Intervertebral disc degeneration is a common condition that may lead to low back pain and radiculopathy. Understanding the pathophysiology and cellular and molecular events of degenerative disc disease has resulted in the proposal of a gene therapy approach to halt and reverse disc degeneration. We explored the feasibility of reversing intervertebral disc degeneration using human vascular endot...

BACKGROUND Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is activated by several serine proteases. PAR2 activation in endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs) has been implicated in the development of endometriosis but the regulatory mechanism of PAR2 expression in ESC is unknown. Our objective was to study the mechanism by which PAR2 expression may be regulated in endom...

Integrins are heterodimeric α/β extracellular matrix adhesion receptors that couple physically to the actin cytoskeleton and regulate kinase signaling pathways to control cytoskeletal remodeling and adhesion complex formation and disassembly. β1 integrins signal through the Abl2/Arg (Abl-related gene) nonreceptor tyrosine kinase to control fibroblast cell motility, neuronal dendrite morphogenes...

PURPOSE Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is a cytokine involved in a variety of processes, such as differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. TGF-β1 has also been shown to delay the internalization of the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1 R) after its activation by its ligand, the neuropeptide substance P (SP). NK-1 R comprises two naturally occurring variants, a full-length and a ...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY: IL-17, TGF-β1/2 are cytokines involved in the development of kidney, pulmonary and liver fibrosis. However, their expression kinetics in the pathogenesis of cholestatic liver fibrosis have not yet been fully explored. The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of IL-17, RORγt, NKp46, TGF-β1, and TGF-β2 in the liver of rats with bile duc...

Abstract Background TGF-β and its receptors play a crucial role in asthma pathogenesis, bronchial hyperreactivity, remodeling. Expression of isoforms 1–3 TGFβ cytokine is influenced by tagging polymorphisms the TGFβ1, TGFβ2 TGFβ3 gene, these SNPs may be associated with risk development severity as well other diseases. Polymorphic forms TGF-β1, TGF-β2 TGF-β3 genes regulate degree inflammation, d...