OBJECTIVE There is uncertainty regarding the onset timing of the cognitive deficiencies of schizophrenia. We investigated whether conversion to psychosis and/or olanzapine altered the neuropsychological course of subjects within the first-ever double blind medication study of the putative schizophrenia first episode prodrome. METHOD Sixty participants in a double blind trial of olanzapine as ...

BACKGROUND There has been controversy as to whether early intervention in psychosis can improve the outcome of the disorder. AIMS To establish if there is an association between duration of untreated psychosis and the 4-year outcome of persons with a first episode of psychosis. METHOD Prospective naturalistic follow-up study of the outcome of consecutive first presentations with DSM-IV psyc...

The past two decades have marked an increase in research on the prodromal stages of schizophrenia that precede a first episode of psychosis. Criteria for a clinical high risk (CHR) state for psychosis have been validated and included in the DSM-5 as the attenuated psychosis syndrome and as requiring further study. This was hotly debated, given the concern of stigmatizing young people who would ...

This study is one of very few that has investigated the neuropsychological functioning of both familial and clinical high risk subjects for psychosis. Participants (N = 164) were members of the Northern Finland 1986 Birth Cohort in the following four groups: familial risk for psychosis (n = 62), clinical risk for psychosis (n = 20), psychosis (n = 13), and control subjects (n = 69). The neuroco...

Abstract Purpose Advances in the pathophysiological characterization of psychosis has led to a newfound role biomarkers diagnostic and prognostic contexts. Further, advances accuracy sensitivity nuclear medicine imaging techniques, specifically positron emission tomography (PET), have improved ability diagnose manage individuals experiencing first-episode or those at greater risk for developing...

Psychosis spectrum disorder has a complex pathoetiology characterized by interacting environmental and genetic vulnerabilities. The present study aims to investigate the role of gene-environment interaction using aggregate scores (polygenic risk score: PRS-SCZ) environment liability for schizophrenia (exposome ES-SCZ) across psychosis continuum.

Background It is suggested that goals are hierarchically organised, with at the highest level representing fundamental values and motivations. These abstract said to have a series of sub-goals which represent means reaching higher-level goals. While number studies explored in context psychosis, little known about idiographic goal generation processes those experiencing psychosis.Methods Using B...

There is an increasing body of evidence suggesting a significant comorbidity between psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism-spectrum disorders (ASD). Recently, research on psychosis-proneness in otherwise healthy individuals has been a promising way to better understand the mechanisms underlying psychosis. As both ADHD and ASD sym...

BACKGROUND Abnormalities in reinforcement learning and reversal learning have been reported in psychosis, possibly secondary to subcortical dopamine abnormalities. METHODS We studied simple discrimination (SD) learning and reversal learning in a sample of 119 first-episode psychosis patients from the Cambridge early psychosis service (CAMEO) and 107 control participants. We used data on reinf...

The nature of the relationship between cannabis use (CU) and psychosis is complex and remains unclear. Researchers and clinicians remain divided regarding key issues such as whether or not cannabis is an independent cause of psychosis and schizophrenia. This paper reviews the field in detail, examining questions of causality, the neurobiological basis for such causality and for differential int...