OBJECTIVES To eliminate the inconsistency in the nomenclature, to anatomically and definitively describe the topographic relationship of the temporal branch of the facial nerve to the fascial layers and the fat pads, and to create an effective algorithm to define the safest approaches and planes for surgical procedures in this area. METHODS The study was performed using 18 hemifacial cadaveri...

The zygomatic implant is an alternative to bone grafting in extremely resorbed maxilla. This study evaluates the results of a consecutive cohort of 20 patients (mean age 56 years) with extremely resorbed maxillas provided with four zygomatic implants. The first 10 patients had a two-stage procedure, the next 10 next patients benefited from a one-stage surgical procedure and one of them had flap...

BACKGROUND A real-time surgical navigation system potentially increases the accuracy when used for quad-zygomatic implant placement. PURPOSE To evaluate the accuracy of a real-time surgical navigation system when used for quad zygomatic implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with severely atrophic maxillae were prospectively recruited. Four trajectories for implants were planned,...

In the severely atrophied maxilla, implant anchorage in the zygomatic bone is considered a viable alternative to conventional dental implants with preceding bone augmentation procedures. The present microCT-based study compared the trabecular bone quality of the maxilla and zygomatic bone. MicroCT scanning was conducted in 12 halves of cadaver heads (5 male, 7 female) with edentulous, atrophied...

Zygomatic fractures are the second most common facial bone fractures encountered and treated by plastic surgeons. Stable fixation of fractured fragments after adequate exposure is critical for ensuring three-dimensional anatomic reduction. Between January 2008 and December 2010, 17 patients with zygomatic fractures were admitted to our hospital; there were 15 male and 2 female patients. The ave...

Previous research suggests that action language is comprehended by activating the motor system. We report a study, investigating a critical question in this research field: do negative sentences activate the motor system? Participants were exposed to sentences in the affirmation and negation forms while the zygomatic muscle activity on the left side of the face was continuously measured (Electr...

BACKGROUND The zygoma is a major portion of the midfacial contour. When deformity occurs in this area, a reduction should be conducted to correct it. If a sagittal fracture at the temporal root of the zygomatic arch occurs, this also requires reduction, but it is difficult to approach due to its anatomical location, and the possibility of fixation is also limited. Thus, the authors attempted th...

PURPOSE This study used maxillary and zygomatic measurements to obtain information for installing zygomatic implants. PATIENTS AND METHODS Angular and linear distances between the maxilla and the zygoma were measured in 12 cadavers (n = 22 sides) classified into short and tall groups by height (140 to 159 cm and 160 to 180 cm, respectively). RESULTS Based on mean and standard deviation valu...

PURPOSE The success of zygomatic implants following the two-stage, as well as the immediate loading, concept has been well documented. This graftless approach for the treatment of the completely edentulous resorbed maxilla allows for rehabilitation with an implant-supported fixed prosthesis. The purpose of this prospective study is to report on the 7-year follow-up of patients treated with zygo...

The anatomy of dog salivary glands was studied on cadaver heads. The mandibular duct enters the oral cavity on the sublingual caruncle. The parotid gland duct enters the oral cavity on the cheek opposite the 4th upper premolar tooth. The zygomatic salivary gland duct enters the oral cavity opposite the first upper molar tooth. Prior to applying sialography to live animals, catheterization, inje...