OBJECTIVE Fetal nuchal translucency (NT) thickness is an important marker for prenatal screening; however, studies focusing on the correlation between maternal trace element levels and NT thickness are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate maternal trace element levels during the first trimester and to investigate the association between maternal trace element levels and fetal NT thick...

The most prominent feature of sheet material forming process is an elastic recovery phenomenon during unloading which leads to springback and side wall curl. Therefore evaluation of springback and side wall curl is mandatory for production of precise products. In this paper, the effects of some parameters such as friction coefficient, sheet thickness, yield strength of sheet and blank-holder fo...

Abstract The widely used steel-concrete composite structures can fully utilize the high strength of steel and relatively compressive concrete. In service stage structures, shear connectors not only subjected to forces, but also pull-out loading. process is accompanied by crack initiation propagation order accurately analyze discontinuous capacities connectors, a zero-thickness cohesive zone ele...

in this paper, the deep drawing process of tailor welded blanks is simulated using the finite element modelling and verified using the experimental results available in the literature. then the effect of die and material properties on the welding line movement is investigated. it is seen that the most effective material parameters on weld line movement are different between sheet metal thicknes...

Buckling and post buckling of cylindrical shells under hydrostatic pressure is regarded as important issue in structure of submarines. These cylindrical shells have variable thickness due to construction process which effected by pressure of buckling and its destruction. In this paper, effects of changing thickness on buckling and destruction pressure under external hydrostatic pressure of a sh...

A simplified three-dimensional (3-D) zero-thickness shell model was developed to recover the non-spherical response of thick-shelled encapsulated microbubbles subjected to ultrasound excitation. The model was validated by comparison with previously developed models and was then used to study the mechanism of bubble break-up during non-spherical deformations resulting from the presence of a near...

In this paper, non-linear dynamics analysis of functionally graded material (FGM) shell structures is investigated using the higher order solid-shell element based on the Enhanced Assumed Strain (EAS). With this element, a quadratic distribution of the shear stress through the thickness is considered in an enhancing part. Material properties of the shell structure are varied continuously in the...

Stress analysis of functionally graded composite plates composed of ceramic, functionally graded material and metal layers is investigated using 3-D finite element method. In FGM layer, material properties are assumed to be varied continuously in the thickness direction according to a simple power law distribution in terms of the volume fraction of a ceramic and metal. The 3-D finite element mo...