The simulation of distillation columns is an essential step in design, optimization, and rating. In this paper, a new procedure has been proposed for the initial estimation of column profiles based on modified Kremser’s group method for simple and/or complex columns. The effect of this initialization algorithm on simulation procedure has been studied through two examples. The results show sig...

although the history of iran is rife with conquerors and military campaign, but there were not any national and real army at all. in fact, the idea of a single unified army has no precedent in iranian history. ever in the timesthe achaemenid empire, the rulers had felt safer with separate units of armed forces. this mechanism allowed them to play on one group against another so  prevented any c...

This study presents the results of large scale laboratory model tests to investigate the behavior of Compacted Lime – Well-graded Soil (CL-WS) rigid stone columns in soft soils. The  unit cell idealization is used for construction of composite specimens by evaluating the influence of different parameters such as the diameter of the column (D), the slenderness ratio (L/D) and the area ratio (Ar)...

Animal combats (venationes) were a popular entertainment in the Roman world. Splashy panels of inlaid marble (opus sectile) commemorate these bloody contests several buildings and around Rome. Among most well-known are survivals from 4th century CE Basilica Junius Bassus and, decades later, marble-revetted hall Porta Marina at Ostia. On face it, wall decoration sites memorializes typical activi...

I’VE SUBSCRIBED to IEEE Software since it started in 1984. I’ve always liked its practical focus and that it covers all types of software from embedded systems to large business systems. It was, and maybe still is, the most readable and useful of the magazines trying to bridge the divide between researchers and practitioners. For the past few years, though, I haven’t found much I want to read i...

Stereoscopic vision is extremely precise in detecting minute diierences between adjacent depth planes, but quite imprecise in estimating absolute depth. In this paper, we address the issue of the spatial acuity (and not the stereo acuity) of stereopsis. Static RDS (random dot stereograms) stimuli were used to nd the spatial grain in which human stereoscopic vision operates. Using psychophysical...