Abstract This article looks at the history of jesters affiliated with Iranian court during Safavid and Zand periods. I present several case studies ( dalqak ), featuring Kal ʿEnāyat Dalāleh Qezī from period Lūṭī Ṣāleḥ period. From various primary resources including memoirs, European travelogues, court-associated chronicles, relate accounts associated these personalities describe their unique r...

1. 2. where I t has been pointed out that the S(')-bounded rudimentary predicates as given by Definition 6 of [1] do not possess the property asserted in the paragraph which starts on page 73 and ends on page 74. This may be corrected by replacing points 1, 2, and 3 of Definition 6 by the following: a(x, i, a) and ~ ( x , i, a) are in RUD s . I f c is a positive integer then both Q(x, u, v, w) ...

THE word ichthyosis is derived from the Greek word Ichthys meaning a fish. Patients with ichthyosis exhibit prominent scales occurring more or less diffusely all over the body. Usually the scales are large and centrally adherent with loose edges. Ichthyosis is a disorder of keratinization. Ichthyosis forms a group of genodermatoses transmitted by autosomal dominant or, as recently shown by Well...

Imprecise probabilistic beliefs are modelled as incomplete comparative likelihood relations admitting a multiple-prior representation. We provide an axiomatization of such relations for the case in which the set of priors is “convex-ranged”. We also show that the multiple-prior representation is unique whenever the set of priors is “almost-convex-ranged”. Such uniqueness ensures the adequacy of...

I am indebted to my advisor Juergen Eichberger for his helpful guidance and to Alexander Zimper for his helpful suggestions and illuminating discussions. I would like to thank Hans Haller, Clemens Puppe, Itzhak Gilboa, Hans Gersbach, Klaus Ritzberger, as well as the participants of the RUD conference in Evanston, of the FUR XI conference in Paris and of the PhD seminar at the University of Heid...

phytoplanktons are the first bio- indicators of pollution in aquatic ecosystems. phytoplankton assemblage and aquatic ecosystems are always influenced by environmental factors therefore these environmental changes and threats must be understood in any ecosystem. phytoplankton are inexpensive and readily available bio- indicators. in the present study, phytoplankton were used to study the sefid ...

the fars tribes living during the zand and qajar dynasties served as some politically and socially influential groups of their period. when the revenues of a tribe did not suffice their necessities, they would attack other cities, mainly shiraz, where there were abundant wealth and goods, and they would plunder, pillage and murder everywhere. shiraz was the political center of iran during the z...