PD98059 and U0126 are organic compound inhibitors frequently used to block the activity of the MEK-1/2 protein kinase. In the present work, promoter activation analyses of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) in epithelial cells uncovered the unexpected opposite effect of these inhibitors on activation of XOR. Activation of an XOR-luciferase fusion gene was studied in stably transfected epithelial cel...

Sepsis is a leading cause of death among patients in the intensive care unit, resulting from multi-organ failure. Activity of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) producing enzyme, is known to be elevated in nonsurvivors of sepsis compared to survivors. We have previously demonstrated that XOR is critical for ventilator-induced lung injury. Using febuxostat, a novel no...

Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) catalyzes the reaction of hypoxanthine to xanthine and of xanthine to uric acid. Inhibitors of XOR can thus decrease the concentration of uric acid in serum. Crystal structures of XOR bound with various inhibitors reveal that inhibitors can be categorized into three types, i.e. mechanism-based, structure-based, and hybrid types.

Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) technology is attractive due to its low power consumption, fast speed and small dimension, therefore, it is a promising alternative to CMOS technology. In QCA, configuration of charges plays the role which is played by current in CMOS. This replacement provides the significant advantages. Additionally, exclusive-or (XOR) gate is a useful building block in man...

We propose a new three-level XOR-AND-XOR form for autosymmetric functions, called XORAX expression. In general, Boolean function f over n variables is k-autosymmetric if it can be projected onto smaller fk, which depends on n-k only. show that expressions ease the reversible synthesis of producing compact networks, without inserting additional input lines. Autosymmetry occurs especially functio...

A promising approach for model counting was recently introduced, which in theory requires the use of large random xor or parity constraints to obtain near-exact counts of solutions to Boolean formulas. In practice, however, short xor constraints are preferred as they allow better constraint propagation in SAT solvers. We narrow this gap between theory and practice by presenting experimental evi...

This paper proposes a full adder with minimum power consumption and lowloss with a central frequency of 1550nm using plasmonic Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM)waveguide structure and rectangular cavity resonator. This full adder operates based onXOR and AND logic gates. In this full adder, the resonant wave composition of the firstand second modes has been used and we have ob...

MDS matrices are used as building blocks of diffusion layers in block ciphers, and XOR count is a metric that estimates the hardware implementation cost. In this paper we report the minimum value of XOR counts of 4 × 4 MDS matrices over F24 and F28 , respectively. We give theoretical constructions of Toeplitz MDS matrices and show that they achieve the minimum XOR count. We also prove that Toep...