PURPOSE To identify determinants of the effect of antisense-mediated Bcl-xl down-regulation (Bcl-xl knockdown) on the response of colorectal cancer cells to SN38, the active metabolite of irinotecan, a topoisomerase I inhibitor licensed for colorectal cancer chemotherapy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Using wild-type HCT116, p53 null, Bax null, or p21/WAF1 null isogenic derivatives, we measured express...

BCL-2 family proteins dictate survival of human multiple myeloma cells, making them attractive drug targets. Indeed, multiple myeloma cells are sensitive to antagonists that selectively target prosurvival proteins such as BCL-2/BCL-XL (ABT-737 and ABT-263/navitoclax) or BCL-2 only (ABT-199/GDC-0199/venetoclax). Resistance to these three drugs is mediated by expression of MCL-1. However, given t...

Cellular and molecular characterization of osteoclasts (OCL) has been extremely difficult since OCL are rare cells, and are difficult to isolate in large numbers. We used the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase promoter to target the bcl-XL and/or Simian Virus 40 large T antigen (Tag) genes to cells in the OCL lineage in transgenic mice as a means of immortalizing OCL precursors. Immunocytochem...

Extremely large-scale reconfigurable intelligent surface (XL-RIS) has recently been proposed and is recognized as a promising technology that can further enhance the capacity of communication systems compensate for severe path loss. However, pilot overhead beam training in XL-RIS-assisted wireless enormous because near-field channel model needs to be taken into account, number candidate codewor...

Maturation of neuronal synapses is thought to involve mitochondria. Bcl-xL protein inhibits mitochondria-mediated apoptosis but may have other functions in healthy adult neurons in which Bcl-xL is abundant. Here, we report that overexpression of Bcl-xL postsynaptically increases frequency and amplitude of spontaneous miniature synaptic currents in rat hippocampal neurons in culture. Bcl-xL, ove...

Bcl-xL is a member of the Bcl-2 family, playing a critical role in the survival of tumor cells. Here, we show that Bcl-xL oncogenic function can be uncoupled from its anti-apoptotic activity when it is regulated by the post-translational deamidation of its Asn52.Bcl-xL activity can be regulated by post-translational modifications: deamidation of Asn52 and 66 into Asp residues was reported to oc...

We clarify a relation between the XL algorithm and Gröbner bases algorithms. The XL algorithm was proposed to be a more efficient algorithm to solve a system of equations with a special assumption without trying to calculate a whole Gröbner basis. But in our result, it is shown that the XL algorithm is also a Gröbner bases algorithm which can be represented as a redundant version of a Gröbner b...

and Applied Analysis 3 where Θ is a weight function, is called the scalar product of functions f, g on the interval 0, t . Let us recall that two functions are orthonormal when ∀i,j 〈 φi t , φj t 〉 δij , 2.2 where δij is the Kronecker delta. We are looking for an approximate solution to 1.1 as an element of the subspaceHnφ , spanned on nφ first basic functions {φj : j 1, 2, . . . , nφ} unφ x, t...

Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP) is anti-apoptotic, key in development and cancer, however without the typical Bcl2 family members' structure. Here we report that TCTP contains a BH3-like domain and forms heterocomplexes with Bcl-xL. The crystal structure of a Bcl-xL deletion variant-TCTP11-31 complex reveals that TCTP refolds in a helical conformation upon binding the BH3-groove...

Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is promising to meet the high rate requirements for future 6G. To realize efficient precoding, accurate channel state information essential. Existing estimation algorithms with low pilot overhead heavily rely on sparsity in angular domain, which achieved by classical far-field planar-wavefront assumption. However, due non-negligible...