CONSPECTUS: The total world energy demand is predicted to rise significantly over the next few decades, primarily driven by the continuous growth of the developing world. With rapid depletion of nonrenewable traditional fossil fuels, which currently account for almost 86% of the worldwide energy output, the search for viable alternative energy resources is becoming more important from a nationa...

Fourteen new infrared laser transitions in Ar, Kr, and Xe ranging from 3.725 to 17.233 pm are reported. All of the Kr laser transitions and all but oneof the Ar and Xe transitions have upper levels in the s or d state: the majority of the transitions satisfy the condition AK = AJ. Identification of a previously observed, unidentified laser line at 5.804 pm in AI is given. Nobel gas lasers are o...

Introduction: Enstatite chondrites have remarkable properties: they were formed in a reducing environment, they are putatively similar to precursor material of Earth, Venus, or Mercury, have a terrestrial oxygen isotopic composition and an uncommon noble gas signature [1-5]. Trapped noble gases in Echondrites are intermediate between solar and chondritic composition and consist of two component...

The low-energy structures of mixed Ar-Xe and Kr-Xe Lennard-Jones clusters are investigated using a newly developed parallel Monte Carlo minimization algorithm with specific exchange moves between particles or trajectories. Tests on the 13and 19-atom clusters show a significant improvement over the conventional basin-hopping method, the average search length being reduced by more than one order ...

New organic rare-gas compounds, HRgC4H (Rg = Kr or Xe), are identified in matrix-isolation experiments supported by ab initio calculations. These compounds are the largest molecules among the known rare-gas hydrides. They are prepared in low-temperature rare-gas matrixes via UV photolysis of diacetylene and subsequent thermal mobilization of H atoms at approximately 30 and 45 K for Kr and Xe, r...

It was recently found from ab initio investigations J. L. F. Da Silva et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 066104 2003 that polarization effects and the site dependence of the Pauli repulsion largely dictate the nature of the interaction and the site preference of Xe adatoms on close-packed metal surfaces. It is unclear if the same interaction mechanism occurs for all rare-gas atoms adsorbed on such su...

An experimental study of Xe and Kr adsorption in metal-organic frameworks CPO-27-Ni, CPO-27-Mg, and ZIF-8 was carried out. In situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction experiments allowed precise determination of the adsorption sites and sequence of their filling with increasing of gas pressure at different temperatures. Structural investigations were used for interpretation of gas adsorption m...

We investigate hadron formation in deep inelastic lepton scattering on N , Kr and Xe nuclei in the kinematic regime of the HERMES experiment. The elementary electron-nucleon interaction is described within the event generator PYTHIA while a full coupled-channel treatment of the final state interactions is included by means of a BUU transport model. We find a good agreement with the measured cha...

We present a theoretical study of O(ka) and O(ka) corrections to the dipole approximation in photoionization of rare gas atoms, where k is the magnitude of the photon wave vector and a is the radius of the ionized subshell. In the dipole approximation, the photoelectron angular distribution is characterized by the single parameter β. The O(ka) corrections are characterized by two parameters γ a...

A high performance distillation system to remove krypton from xenon was constructed, and a purity level of Kr/Xe = ∼ 3 × 10 was achieved. This development is crucial in facilitating high sensitivity low background experiments such as the search for dark matter in the universe.