This topical review provides an up-to-date overview of the theoretical and practical aspects of therapeutic kilovoltage x-ray beam dosimetry. Kilovoltage x-ray beams have the property that the maximum dose occurs very close to the surface and thus, they are predominantly used in the treatment of skin cancers but also have applications for the treatment of other cancers. In addition, kilovoltage...

background: panoramic imaging is one of the most common imaging methods in dentistry. regarding the side-effects of ionizing radiation, it is necessary to survey different aspects and details of panoramic imaging. in this study, we compared the absorbed x-ray dose around two panoramic x-ray units: pm 2002 cc proline (planmeca, helsinki, finland) and cranex tome (soredex, helsinki, finland). mat...

Introduction: To date, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been demonstrated to have great potential as contrast agent for CT imaging and therapeutics. This study was designed to evaluate any effect on X-ray attenuation that might result from using GNPs with a variety of size, surface chemistries and shapes.   Materials and Methods: Spherical GNPs and gold nanorod...

the preparation of nano-sized tio2 by titanium tetraisopropoxide (ti(oipr)4) via sol-gelmethod using acid as a catalyst is investigated and the optimized conditions concerning theproportional amount of acid, water, alcohol is established by xrd and sem. the effect ofcalcination temperature on phase transformation of tio2 (rutile, anatase and brookite) wasdetermined by xrd. the smallest grain si...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate scatter radiation dose to the subject surface during X-ray computed tomography (CT) fluoroscopy using the integrated dose ratio (IDR) of an X-ray dose profile derived from an optically stimulated luminescent (OSL) dosimeter. We aimed to obtain quantitative evidence supporting the radiation protection methods used during previous CT fluoroscopy. A multis...

background: x-ray computed tomography (ct) examinations deliver a significant amount of radiation doses to patients comparing to conventional radiography examinations. the objective of the current study was to analyze and investigate the average patient received dose from axial and spiral ct exams in a medical imaging center. material and methods: in this study, the patient imaging technique, w...

the advent of dual-modality pet/ct imaging has revolutionized the practice of clinical oncology, cardiology and neurology by improving lesions localization and the possibility of accurate quantitative analysis. in addition, the use of ct images for ct-based attenuation correction (ctac) allows to decrease the overall scanning time and to create a noise-free attenuation map (μmap). the near simu...

Gafchromic XRCT radiochromic film is a self-developing high sensitivity radiochromic film product which can be used for assessment of delivered radiation doses which could match applications such as computed tomography (CT) dosimetry. The film automatically changes color upon irradiation changing from amber to dark greenish-black depending on the level of exposure. The absorption spectra of Gaf...