Engineering approaches for optimizing designs within a market context generally take the perspective of a single producer, asking what design and price point will maximize producer profit predicted by consumer choice simulations. These approaches treat competitors and retailers as fixed or nonexistent, and they take business-oriented details, such as the structure of distribution channels, as s...

In this paper, we analyzed a very large field data set on intramammary infections (IMI) and the associated somatic cell count (SCC) in dairy cows. The objective of the study was to analyze the impact of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) IMI on cow SCC, both mean and variability, and on the potential of these infections to have a major impact on the bulk milk SCC (BMSCC). Data and milk samp...

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Pain. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently ...

A couple decades ago fiscal federalism used to be a topic of marginal importance in most countries and in the economic literature. The world was broadly divided in federal states and unitary states and there were hardly any countries that planned to move from one to the other of these categories. In recent years, however, perhaps as a result of globalization and deepening democratization, combi...

The article describes the recent standardisation initiatives for packet reordering metrics in IP networks, the methods of measuring it and also provides a discussion of the common factors affecting ordered packet delivery, based on real examples.

Tissues have what a new generation of researchers need to fi ght cancer: molecular clues to disease origins and a wealth of potential targets for new drugs. But some National Cancer Institute leaders consider a potential shortage of human tissues the single greatest barrier to cancer research. Now, with high-throughput, robotic systems analyzing tissue samples by the thousands, shortages have b...

objectives: the purpose of this study is to make questionnaire for screening body dysmorphic disorder sufferers in cosmetic clinics. methods: a sample of 150 female patients with age average 29.4 years completed physical appearance concern questionnaire. it has been used as screening tool for screening patients with body dysmorphic disorder symptoms in cosmetic clinics. results: result of relia...