physical disorders can be seen in psychiatric patients. in addition, a delayed diagnosis can cause a serious complication of the physical disorder among such patients. in this report, a case of appendicitis in a psychiatric case with drug withdrawal symptoms was reported.

introduction: some studies indicate changes in the level of thyroid hormones in addicted people. also, there are some reports concerning the modulation of hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid axis in the context of morphine addiction. in the present study, the effects of thyroid gland activation via the acute and chronic administration of levothyroxine on morphine withdrawal syndrome were investigat...

background: chronic abuse of opiates induces dependency, but the neurobiological mechanisms of this event remain unclear. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intracerebroventricular of venlafaxine on the morphine dependence and pain perception. methods: a total of 80 adult male rats were divided into two major groups: (1) 40 of them was divided into groups of positive control (...

introduction: morphine addiction and morphine withdrawal syndrome are the two main problems of today’s human society. the present study has investigated the effects of nicotine on the strength of physical and psychological dependency in single and repeated doses morphine administrated rats. methods: male wistar rats were subjected to morphine consumption with single or frequent dose protocols. ...

detoxification of children who are born from substance dependent mothers or those who are substance dependent themselves as a result of being abused by their families is a major concern. this report describes withdrawal symptoms and the way of abstinence in a 2.5 year-old girl who was dependent to opium. âfter that she was given opium for nearly two years suppress withdrawal symptoms, methadone...

conclusions the results of the present study revealed that the aloe vera aqueous extract had various effects on morphine withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent female rats . results the results of the present study showed that agitation, disparity, and floppy eyelids in group e were significantly higher than those of others groups; however, these symptoms in group c were significantly lower ...

relieving withdrawal and post-abstinence syndrome of alcoholism is one of the major strategies in the treatment of alcohol addicted patients. diazepam, chlordiazepoxide, and topiramate are the approved medications that were used for this object. to assess the role of non-pharmacologic therapy in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, we analyzed effects of forced exercise by treadmill o...

Freshwater resources are fundamental for maintaining human health, agricultural production, economic activity as well as critical ecosystem functions. As populations and economies grow, new constraints on water resources are appearing, raising questions about limits to water availability. Such resource questions are not new. The specter of "peak oil"--a peaking and then decline in oil productio...

background: for treatment of severe alcohol withdrawal syndrome, high dose benzodiazepines (bzds) may cause delirium and over-sedation. phenobarbital (pbt) is a long-acting barbiturate effective for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. given the potential benefits of pbt, we sought to investigate the effectiveness of pbt as adjunctive treatment for alcohol withdrawal. methods: this was a retros...

This study explored the relationships of demographic, work perception, work attitude, and limited occupation alternative variables to three distinct types of occupation perceptions: forced to stay in occupation (FTSO), voluntary occupation withdrawal intent (VOWI), and involuntary occupation withdrawal (IOW). An online sample of massage therapists and bodywork practitioners constituted the stud...