Several aspects of canopy flow are investigated. The problem of steady flow in a horizontally infinite canopy under neutral thermal stratification is treated theoretically. The resulting analytical model is then used as a boundary condition for a nonlinear numerical model designed t o study transition regions near the leading and trailing edges of a canopy. This model shows a wave effect downst...

A characteristic-based. windward numerical prccerlure for solving three-dimensional Maxwell equations iii the time domain has been successfully ported to the Ititpi Touchstone Delta ninlticoniputer. The riumerical results by concurrent computation duplicated the earlier simulations of an oscillating electric dipole on a vector processor and compared w~11 with the exact solutioti. 'I'lie paralle...

Albuquerque and Courtown are two small, uninhabited oceanic atolls, located in the southwestern Caribbean Sea, belonging to the San Andres and Providencia archipelago, Colombia. These atolls have a volcanic basement and are surrounded by deep water. Based on photo-interpretation of geomorphological and ecological features as well as on data collected during field work, the gross morphology, mar...

Abstract The coupled and uncoupled Dynamic Finite Element Models (DFEMs) of the transmission tower-line system consisting two towers three spans conductors ground wires were built at windward crosswind slope a cosinoidal hill. acceleration ratios mean wind profiles mountains summarized from previous studies, then profile over windward, leeward slopes revised. loads acting on calculated based re...

SUMMARY Results are given of a wind tunnel programme made to study the pressure distributions, mainly on the windward surfaces, of a series of simple body shapes, over a range of angles of incidence up to 29 degrees. It was found that the comparison of experimental pressure distributions with values calculated from various inviscid flow theories and approximations, was complicated by the non-in...

Cyaneakonahuanuiensis Sporck-Koehler, M. Waite, A.M. Williams, sp. nov., a recently documented, narrowly endemic species from the Hawaiian Island of O'ahu, is described and illustrated with photographs from the field. The closest likely relatives to the species, current conservation needs, and management future are discussed. It is currently known from 20 mature plants from two subpopulations a...

Different strategies of water uptake by roots in a semi-arid desert are one way that plants adapt to the water-limited environment. In this study, stable isotopes ? 18 O were used analyze variability sources native species Artemisia ordosica during growing season an alpine on Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China. A. depended primarily from upper soil layers early season, except for those windward, whic...

Airflow distribution in the greenhouse windows is important for us to understand the mechanism of natural ventilation and thus is helpful for designers to have the optimal ventilation system. The full-scale measurements of the airflow in a large Venlo-type greenhouse were carried out by use of an ultrasonic anemometer. The clear airflow patterns around the greenhouse under leeside ventilation w...