The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration polarization of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) at the surface of the carotid artery under conditions of steady flow and to establish its relationship with shear stress using an in vitro vascular simulation model of carotid bifurcation. Shear stress, HDL concentration at the surface, and the ratio of HDL concentration at the surface to...

We study the generation of surface waves on water as a bifurcation phenomenon. For a critical wind-speed there appear traveling wave solutions. While linear waves do not transport mass (in the mean), nonlinear effects create a shear-flow and result in a net mass transport in the direction of the wind. We derive an asymptotic formula for the average tangential velocity along the free surface. Nu...

This paper presents a geometric Moiré optical-based floating-element shear stress sensor for wind tunnel turbulence measurements. The sensor was fabricated using an aligned waferbond/thin-back process producing optical gratings on the backside of a floating element and on the top surface of the support wafer. Measured results indicate a static sensitivity of 0.26 μm/Pa, a resonant frequency of ...

This paper proposes a framework for the constitutive model based on the semi-micromechanical aspects of plasticity, including damage progress for simulating behavior of concrete under multiaxial loading. This model is aimed to be used in plastic and fracture analysis of both regular and reinforced concrete structures, for the framework of sample plane crack approach. This model uses multilamina...

Many arid alluvial-fan terraces downwind from eolian sand sources exhibit an abrupt increase in Av-horizon thickness and sand content below a critical elevation which varies from fan to fan. Above this elevation, sand accumulates locally and is not transported across the fan. Below this elevation both coarse and fine eolian sand from nearby playa and channel sources is readily transported acros...

Wind shear, which refers to sudden and sustained changes in the wind direction and speed, could be hazardous to aviation. Windshear is rather difficult to predict due to its transient and sporadic nature. Moreover, the causes of wind shear may be different at different airports. In some places it is caused by microbursts, while in other places wind shear may result from meso-scale weather pheno...

The transport of sand in saltation is driven by the persistently unsteady stresses exerted by turbulent winds. Based on coupled high-frequency observations of wind velocity and sand flux on a desert dune during intermittent saltation, we show here how observations of saltation by natural winds depend significantly on the timescale and method used for determining shear stress and sand flux. The ...

A Trigonometric Shear Deformation Theory (TSDT) for the analysis of isotropic plate, taking into account transverse shear deformation effect as well as transverse normal strain effect, is presented. The theory presented herein is built upon the classical plate theory. In this displacement-based, trigonometric shear deformation theory, the in-plane displacement field uses sinusoidal function in ...