Stress elevates blood pressure (BP) by increased sympathetic nerve activity. Cilnidipine, a novel dihydropyridine calcium antagonist that has inhibitory actions on N-type as well as L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, has been reported to attenuate the cold stress-induced increase in plasma norepinephrine and BP in rats. Because white coat effect is associated with an enhanced pressor re...

BACKGROUND White-coat hypertension is a condition characterized by elevated blood pressure (BP) in medical settings combined with normal ambulatory-recorded BP or self-measured BP at home (home BP). However, it is unknown whether this condition represents a transient state in the development of hypertension outside medical settings. METHODS We followed up 128 subjects with white-coat hyperten...

BACKGROUND The clinical significance of white-coat hypertension is still unclear. Moreover, no study has examined metabolic predictors of white-coat versus sustained hypertension. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated men (n=602) in a longitudinal population-based cohort who at age 70 years were identified as normotensive, white-coat hypertensive (office blood pressure [BP] > or =140/90 and day...

Low-density lipoprotein oxidation and antioxidant vitamins E and C were investigated in white-coat hypertension in comparison with sustained hypertension and normotension. We selected 21 sustained hypertensive subjects, 21 white-coat hypertensive subjects, and 21 normotensive subjects matched for gender, age, and body mass index. White-coat hypertension was defined as clinical hypertension and ...

BACKGROUND On the ground of existing hitherto reports it is suggested that the "white coat effect" is not correlated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases. Conducted studies did not ascertain a correlation between the value of the "white coat effect" and late diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of late diabetic complications: polyneuropathy, retinopathy ...

White coat hypertension is characterized by the variability of a patient's blood pressure measurements between the physician's office and the patient's home environment. A patient with white coat hypertension has high blood pressure levels in the physician's office and normal blood pressure levels in their typical environment. This condition is likely caused by the patient's anxiety within the ...

Note from Anna B. Reisman, Co-Director, Yale Internal Medicine Residency Writers' Workshop, Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and VA Connecticut Health Care System: This issue inaugurates a new feature: selected writings from the Yale Internal Medicine Residency Program's Writers' Workshop. The annual workshop began in 2003. Abraham Verghes...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of white-coat hypertension (WCH) is considerable in patients referred with elevated office blood pressure. Failure to recognise this phenomenon can lead to the inappropriate use of antihypertensive medications. We undertook this study to determine the profile of patients with WCH. METHODS Baseline clinic and daytime ambulatory blood pressures were available from 5716...

Cardiologia e Fisiopatologia Cardiovascolare, Università di Perugia, Policlinico Monteluce, Perugia, Italy; Studiecoördinatiecentrum, Laboratorium Hypertensie, Campus Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Section of Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, The University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, U.S.A.; Department of Clinical Pharmacology an...

The article in this issue from Puato et al1 in Padova, Italy, is important because it was prospective, with 5 years of follow-up, and the hypertensive patients were never treated. They showed that carotid intima-media thickness was greater at baseline in white-coat hypertensive subjects (WCHs), increased more during follow-up than in normotensive subjects, and was not different in WCHs with sus...