Journal of Plant Registrations, Vol. 3, No. 3, September 2009 279 Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici) is a major disease threat of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in the Pacifi c Northwest region of the United States. Few soft white spring wheat cultivars currently in commercial production have adequate levels of stripe rust resistance to prevent the need for fun...

Fusarium proliferatum is a major cause of maize ear rot and fumonisin contamination and also can cause wheat kernel black point disease. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether nine F. proliferatum strains from wheat from Nepal can cause black point and fumonisin contamination in wheat kernels. For comparison, the study included three Fusarium strains from US maize. In test...

A total of 4,131 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were selected from wheat EST database (http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/cgi-bin/westsql/est_lib.cgi.) to identify genic regions differing at structural and functional level between durum wheat (tetraploid genome, AABB) and bread wheat (hexaploid genome, AABBDD) cultivars in response to salt stress. Selected ESTs from salt stressed Triticum aestivum cDNA l...

Tan spot, one of the most important diseases of wheat, is caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, a necrotrophic fungus which survives in wheat straw. Methods of disease control include fungicide application, crop rotation, and the use of resistant cultivars; however, in Brazil there are no cultivars in the market with a good level of resistance. In North America, a system of race identificatio...

Since the introduction of wheat into Australia by the First Fleet settlers, germplasm from different geographical origins has been used to adapt wheat to the Australian climate through selection and breeding. In this paper, we used 482 cultivars, representing the breeding history of bread wheat in Australia since 1840, to characterize their diversity and population structure and to define the g...

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the key factor limiting wheat production in acid soils. Soil liming has been used widely to increase the soil pH, but due to its high cost, breeding tolerant cultivars is more cost-effective mean to mitigate the problem. Tolerant cultivars could be developed by traditional breeding, genetic transformation or introgression of genes from wild relatives. We used 30 wheat ...

A plant cuticle forms a hydrophobic layer covering plant organs, and plays an important role in plant development and protection from environmental stresses. We examined epicuticular structure, composition, and a MYB-based regulatory network in two Australian wheat cultivars, RAC875 and Kukri, with contrasting cuticle appearance (glaucousness) and drought tolerance. Metabolomics and microscopic...

Fusarium head blight (scab), caused primarily by Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph: Gibberella zeae), is an important disease of wheat and other cereals worldwide. The disease affects both yield and quality due to contamination of grains with various mycotoxins. Since 1993, the disease has caused billions of dollars loss to the wheat industry in the USA. Due to lack of effective resistant cultiv...

Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, is a destructive disease of wheat that can be controlled by deploying effective stem rust resistance (Sr) genes. Highly virulent races of P. graminis f. sp. tritici in Africa have been detected and characterized. These include race TRTTF and the Ug99 group of races such as TTKSK. Several Canadian and U.S. spring wheat cultivars, including t...

Fusarium head blight is one of the most important and most common diseases of winter wheat. In order to better understanding this disease and to assess the correlations between different factors, 30 cultivars of this cereal were evaluated in a two-year period. Fusarium head blight resistance was evaluated and the concentration of trichothecene mycotoxins was analysed. Grain samples originated f...