A lot of research has been conducted on achieving realistic fluid simulations: waves, flow, waterfalls, etc. This paper focuses on a less talked about aspect of fluid simulation: the behavior of liquids in zero gravity. Unlike in most other situations which are dominated by gravity, surface tension becomes the key phenomenon of the simulation. A spring-connected system of particles is used to m...

In this study, we measured the mobility distributions of cluster and intermediate ions with an ion spectrometer near a waterfall. We observed that the concentration of negative 1.5–10 nm ions was one-hundred fold higher than a reference point 100 m away from the waterfall. Also, the concentration of positive intermediate ions was found to be higher than that at the reference point by a factor o...

Maximising efficiency From 2012–2016, the Colombian Ministry of Health researched and created maps showing where trachoma was most prevalent in its Amazonian districts. This was needed to identify all people at risk of trachoma, and to understand where resources had to be allocated. Reaching indigenous communities in the Amazonian districts presented major logistical challenges and required sub...

Juveniles of three species of Hawaiian gobiid fishes climb waterfalls during migration to adult habitats using two kinematically distinct patterns: Awaous guamensis and Lentipes concolor use rapid, intermittent bouts of axial undulation (‘powerbursts’), whereas Sicyopterus stimpsoni inches up waterfalls by alternately attaching oral and pelvic suckers to the substrate. Despite the differing kin...

BACKGROUND The Atlantic Forest is globally one of the priority ecoregions for biodiversity conservation. In Argentina, it is represented by the Paranense Forest, which covers a vast area of Misiones Province between the Paraná and Uruguay rivers. The Uruguay River is a global hotspot of freshwater gastropod diversity, here mainly represented by Tateidae (genus Potamolithus) and to a lesser exte...

Diatoms are mostly aquatic plants, growing in various environmental conditions and habitat. Because of their high sensitivity to variations rapid response degradation, they used as biological indicators. This study aimed analyses the physicochemical parameters diatoms assemblages waterfalls. will allow determining key factors that responsible for both Podostemaceae spatial temporal distribution...

Premise The genetic structure between plant populations is facilitated by the spatial population arrangement and limited dispersal of seed pollen. Saxifraga acerifolia, a local endemic species in Japan, habitat specialist that confined to waterfalls riparian environments. Its sister species, fortunei, generalist widely distributed along riverbanks. Here, we examined sympatric two test whether d...

ABSTRACT Recently, for energy saving in wireless sensor networks, the data aggregation technique has been proposed. In this paper, we discuss the trade off between communication delay and energy consumption of the technique. At first, we analyze the full aggregation compared with nonaggregation with Markovian chain and simulation. The result shows that non-aggregation method suffers large energ...

The genus Liancalus Loew is revised for the Nearctic Region. Seven species are documented from this region including two new species: Liancalusgenualis Loew, Liancalushydrophilus Aldrich, Liancaluslimbatus Van Duzee, Liancaluspterodactyl sp. n., Liancalusquerulus Osten Sacken, Liancalussimilis Aldrich, and Liancalussonorus sp. n. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Liancalusgen...

Water striders of the subfamily Eotrechinae from the Phetchabun Mountain Range can be found at the margins of rock pools and puddles, and in hygropetric habitats including waterfalls. Twenty-two species in three genera are known from Thailand. In the Phetchabun Mountain Range, 12 species representing all three genera were recorded from over a decade of collections (2002-2012). This paper provid...