The steady–state operation of the autothermal reformer is simulated as two reactors in series by means of a detailed mathematical model. An input-output model is selected to describe the upper combustion chamber. The possible occurrence of homogeneous steam reforming and watergas-shift (WGS) reactions is considered. The catalyst bed is represented through a one-dimensional heterogeneous model, ...

There is a global push to develop a range of hydrogen technologies for timely adoption of the hydrogen economy. This is critical in view of the depleting oil reserves and looming transport fuel shortage, global warming, and increasing pollution. Molecular hydrogen (H2) can be generated by a number of renewable and fossil-fuel-based resources. However, given the high cost of H2 generation by ren...

Some major drawbacks encountered in the synthesis of copper-ceria (Cu-CeO2)-based Water Gas Shift (WGS) catalyst via conventional Impregnation (IMP) method are aggregate formation and nanoparticles’ instability. These lead to poor interaction between Copper Ceria, thereby impeding catalytic activity with inefficient utilization active sites. To overcome these drawbacks, this study, we described...

Chromium promotion of iron oxide based water-gas shift (WGS) catalysts prepared via co-precipitation/calcination was investigated. Mössbauer spectroscopy and XRD evidence that chromium is incorporated in the calcined hematite (?-Fe2O3) precursor irrespective doping level (0?12 wt.%). CO-TPR shows delays reduction active magnetite (Fe3O4) phase. WGS activity evaluated under realistic conditions ...

Aqueous-phase reforming (APR) can convert methanol and other oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrogen carbon dioxide at lower temperatures when compared with the corresponding gas phase process. APR favours water-gas shift (WGS) reaction inhibits alkane formation; moreover, it is a simpler more energy efficient process gas-phase steam reforming. For example, Pt-based catalysts supported on al...

We demonstrated how the special synergy between a noble metal single site and neighboring oxygen vacancies provides an “ensemble reaction pool” for high hydrogen generation efficiency carbon dioxide (CO2) selectivity of tandem reaction: methanol steam reforming. Specifically, rate over Ru1/CeO2 catalyst is up to 9360 mol H2 per Ru hour (579 mLH2 gRu–1 s–1) with 99.5% CO2 selectivity. Reaction m...

In recent years, nanostructured Au catalysts have attracted a lot of attention as potential candidates for the removal of poisonous carbon monoxide from synthesis gas streams, thus upgrading hydrogen gas to be used as fuel at the anode of lowtemperature fuel cells. The interest in Au nanoparticles has been motivated by the pioneering work of Haruta et al., who demonstrated the extremely high ac...

Due to concerns regarding fossil greenhouse gas emissions, biogenic material such as forest residues is viewed nowadays a valuable source of carbon atoms produce syngas that can be used synthesise biofuels methanol. A great challenge in using gasified biomass for methanol production the large excess syngas, compared H2 content. The water–gas shift (WGS) reaction often add and balance syngas. CO...

Hydrogen is a versatile vector for heat and power, mobility, stationary applications. Steam methane reforming coal gasification have been, until now, the main technologies H2 production, in shorter term may remain due to current costs of green H2. To minimize carbon footprint these technologies, capture CO2 emitted priority. The situ during processes, or even syngas upgrade by water–gas shift (...