The lithium chloride aqueous solution has great potential to be the detection medium of a novel solar neutrino detector. nuclide \ce{^7 Li} provides charged-current interaction channel with high cross-section for MeV-scale electron-neutrinos, enabling measurement spectrum. This work measures optical properties and light yields saturated solution. After adsorption activated carbon recrystallizat...

The Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory will consist of 1600 water Cherenkov tanks sampling ground particles of air showers produced by energetic cosmic rays. The arrival times are obtained from GPS and power is provided by solar panels. The construction of the array is nearly completed and a large number of detectors has been operational for more than three years. In this paper th...

The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory consists of a 1 kiloton heavy water Cherenkov detector able to detect and reconstruct high-energy muons created from cosmic ray showers and atmospheric neutrino interactions. By measuring the flux of through-going muons as a function of zenith angle, the SNO experiment can distinguish between the oscillated and un-oscillated portion of the neutrino flux. This re...

Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model predict the existence of Q-balls with baryon and lepton numbers. Stable Q-balls can form at the end of inflation from the fragmentation of the Affleck–Dine condensate and can exist as dark matter. The best current limits come from Super-Kamiokande and MACRO. The search beyond these limits can be conducted using the future water Cherenkov detectors.

In the field of large scale water Cherenkov experiments such as proton decay, the detector is required to have a wide photosensitive area, high gain, low noise, fast timing, and good stability. The 20 inch diameter photomultiplier is developed and ascertained to have good characteristics as the detector component of the proton decay experiment. In this paper, various characteristics of the newl...

Collective neutrino flavor transformations deep inside a supernova are sensitive to the neutrino mass hierarchy even at extremely small values of θ 13. Exploiting this effect, we show that comparison of the antineutrino signals from a galactic supernova in two megaton class water-Cherenkov detectors, one of which is shadowed by the Earth, will enable us to distinguish between the hierarchies if...

Cherenkov telescopes image the Cherenkov emission from air showers. A priori, it is not obvious if the ‘best’ images are achieved by measuring Cherenkov photon angles, i.e. focusing the telescope at infinity, or by considering the air shower as an object to be imaged, in which case one might focus the telescope on the central region of the shower. The issue is addressed using shower simulations...

A theory of pulsar radio emission generation, in which the observed waves are produced directly by maser-type plasma instabilities operating at the anomalous cyclotron-Cherenkov resonance ω − k‖v‖ + ωB/ γres = 0 and the Cherenkov-drift resonance ω − k‖v‖ − k⊥ud = 0, is capable of explaining the main observational characteristics of pulsar radio emission. The instabilities are due to the interac...

In this exploratory simulation study, we compare the event-progenitor classification potential of a variety of measurable parameters of atmospheric Cherenkov pulses which are produced by ultra-high energy (UHE) γ-ray and hadron progenitors and are likely to be recorded by the TACTIC array of atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The parameters derived from Cherenkov images include Hillas, fractal a...

Alborz observatory is an EAS array in the heights of Alborez mountain chain near Tehran. For the development of the array, more number of detectors is inevitable. The managing the financial resources and achieving the highest efficiency of the array is important for the project. Therefore, Water Cherenkov Detectors has been used for 9 months in the same way as the previous experiment with Scint...