A clean process has been developed for the synthesis of 2-adamantylphenol derivatives through adamantylation of substituted phenols with adamantanols catalyzed by commercially available and recyclable ion-exchange sulfonic acid resin in acetic acid. The sole byproduct of the adamantylation reaction, namely water, could be converted into the solvent acetic acid by addition of a slight excess of ...

Standardization of metagenomic DNA extraction protocol is a pre-requisite for a successful metagenomic study aiming to screen and exploit the variety of microorganisms inhabiting a particular soil environment. Six methods reported earlier were used for isolation of metagenomic DNA in the present study. These methods suffered with regard to either poor yield or quality of DNA. Therefore, we deve...

Microalgae have been a popular edible food, but there are no known reports on the antioxidative peptides derived from microalgae. The algae protein waste, which is normally discarded as animal feed, is a by-product during production of algae essence from microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris. Algae protein waste was hydrolyzed using pepsin, and a potent antioxidative peptide of VECYGPNRPQF was separat...

The project goal was to reduce waste disposal volume, costs and minimize the negative impact that regulated waste treatment and disposal has on the environment. This was accomplished by diverting bypass circuits from the traditional regulated medical waste (RMW) to clear bag waste, or municipal solid waste (MSW). To qualify circuits to be disposed of through MSW stream, the circuits needed to b...

In the present work, a method for extracting cellulose from olive industry solid waste has been developed. The method involves subjecting solid olive waste to kraft pulping, followed by multistep bleaching processes. The totally free chlorine chemical bleaching sequence APEP was the most effective and gave an average cellulose yield of about 35%. The extracted cellulose was extensively characte...

Solid coconut waste was produced after coconut milk extraction process and may still contain up to 24 wt.% oil content. In this work, extraction of oil from coconut waste using batch and soxhlet extractor was studied. Effect of particle size diameter, type of solvent and solvent to solid ratio on the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters; entropy, enthalpy and free energy of extraction were inve...

The oxide fuel reduction process, based on an electrochemical method as well as the long-lived radioactive nuclides partitioning process based on pyroprocessing, which are being developed at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), are to generate molten salt wastes such as a LiCl salt and a LiCl-KCl eutectic salt, respectively. The treatment process of waste LiCl salt, consisting of...

We consider the classic problem of envy-free division of a heterogeneous good (aka the cake) among multiple agents. It is well known that if each agent must receive a contiguous piece then there is no finite protocol for the problem, whenever there are 3 or more agents. This impossibility result, however, assumes that the entire cake must be allocated. In this paper we study the problem in a se...

A symposium on "Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Carcinogenesis" was presented at the third International Congress of Pathophysiology held in Lathi, Finland, 28 June-3 July 1998. The congress was also sponsored by the International Union of Biological Sciences and the International Society of Free Radical Research. Institutional support for the symposium included the Electric Power Re...

The aim of this work was to study possibilities of using microbiological broadspectrum inhibitor test (Delvotest T) for express estimation of antibiotic residues in bovine milk. For quantitative estimation the waste-milk samples were stepwise diluted (dilution array) by antibiotic-free milk until negative test result was achieved. Another objective was to evaluate heat treatment efficiency of w...