Monitoring of permafrost along the Qinghai-Tibet (Xizang) Highway shows that there is a large difference in the response of permafrost to climate change and to engineering construction. The change in cold (,21.5uC) permafrost is greater than that in warm ($21.5uC) permafrost under the effect of climate change, while the cold permafrost is less sensitive to the disturbances from engineering acti...

1. The kinetics of the thermally induced enzyme variants of the supernatant NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase from rainbow-trout liver are investigated. 2. Fish acclimatized to 20C (cold-adapted enzyme) and 170C (warm-adapted enzyme) show different relative distributions of the three NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase isoenzymes; this has been demonstrated with electrophoresis and electrofocusing techni...

Predicting species distribution changes in global warming requires an understanding of how climatic constraints shape the genetic variation of adaptive traits and force local adaptations. To understand the genetic capacity of Norway spruce populations in Central Europe, we analyzed the variation in tree heights at the juvenile stage in common garden experiments established from the species' war...

We review the evidence for thermoregulatory temperature sensors in the mammalian spinal cord and reach the following conclusions. 1) Spinal cord temperature contributes physiologically to temperature regulation. 2) Parallel anterolateral ascending pathways transmit signals from spinal cooling and spinal warming: they overlap with the respective axon pathways of the dorsal horn neurons that are ...

The relation between pain perception and spatial representation of the body is poorly understood. In the thermal grill illusion (TGI), alternating non-noxious warm and cold temperatures cause a paradoxical, sometimes painful, sensation of burning heat. We combined thermal grill stimulation with crossing the fingers to investigate whether nociceptively mediated sensation depends on the somatotop...

background & aim: although cold and heat have been recommended for labor pain relief, comparison of them and intermittent change in cold and heat therapy has been less considered. this study compared the effects of separate and intermittent heat and cold on labor pain relief and some birth outcomes . methods & materials : this was a randomized clinical trial. ninety-six parturient women were ra...

Carex divisa is a patrimonial rhizomatous species and acts as an important component of grazed wet permanent grassland on the French Atlantic coast. This study treated three storage regimes (wet-cold, dry-cold and dry-warm), burial in soil, fluctuating temperature and salinity on seed germination of C. divisa. The seeds were dormant at maturity. No seed germinated after 2 and 6 weeks of dry sto...