BACKGROUND Multiple micronutrients in powder (MNP) are recommended by WHO to prevent anemia in young children. However, evidences for its effectiveness in different populations and improvements in other outcomes (e.g. linear growth and vitamin A deficiency) are scarce. METHODS A multicentre pragmatic controlled trial was carried out in primary health centres. At study baseline, a control grou...

BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a common condition in women that affects up to 45% of patients in the reproductive age group by causing pelvic pain. It is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity and is rarely found subcutaneously or in abdominal incisions, causing it to be overlooked in patients with abdominal pain. METHODS A 45-year-old woman presented with...

Using direct numerical simulations of turbulent channel flow, we present a new method for skin friction reduction by prevention of streamwise vortex formation near the wall. Based on recent evidence of streak instability-induced vortex generation, we develop a new technique for drag reduction, enabling large-scale flow forcing without requiring instantaneous flow information. As proof-of-princi...

Rain can enter only if a combination of the following three conditions are present: rain water deposited on the wall, holes and cracks offering water leakage paths inwards and a force or a combination of forces to drive water inwards. Strategies for rain penetration control must entail the control of one or more of these contributing factors. Various approaches to rain penetration control are c...

Chronic otitis media (COM) is completely treated with a single procedure in most patients but may require multiple surgeries in some cases. The main goals of open cavity mastoidectomy are to completely eradicate the disease, create a large enough meatus for examination and mastoid air cells, and provide a self-cleaning epithelized dry cavity, and achieve maximum hearing. In this report, we pres...

We describe here a case of abdominal abscesses due to Mycobacterium fortuitum following liposuction. The abscesses developed three months after the procedure and diagnosis was delayed for five months. The clues for diagnosis were persistent pus discharge in spite of broad spectrum antibiotics and failure to grow any organisms on routine culture. This condition has been rarely reported; however,...

Amplification processes are an essential component of the collective phenomena observed in social and gregarious species. In this paper, we tested the hypothesis that a weak individual wall-following tendency in ants can be amplified by communication through chemical trails, leading to a response to the spatial heterogeneities at the collective level. In our experiments, ants had to cross a dia...

In this dissertation, we model biological sensorimotor behaviors of two species, a cockroach following a wall and a human running on a split-belt treadmill, to elucidate the neural processing that underlie locomotor control in biological systems: (1) We model the horizontal musculoskeletal dynamics of antenna-based wall following for the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana, as a dynamic p...

Parasitic myomas are those that have become partially or almost completely separated from the uterus and receive their main blood-supply from another source. The etiopathogenesis of parasitic myomas may be separation of peduncululated subserosal myomas that have outgrown their blood supply. More commonly, iatrogenic parasitic myomas may be caused by seeding of myoma fragments following morcella...