Ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) is caused by high tidal volume (VT) excursions producing microvascular leakage and pulmonary edema. However, the effects of VALI on lung edema clearance and alveolar epithelial cells' Na,K-ATPase function have not been elucidated. We studied lung edema clearance in the isolated-perfused rat lung model after ventilation for 25, 40, and 60 min with high VT...

The effects of alterations in ventilatory pattern on the simultaneously measured physiologic and anatomic dead-spaces (VDphys and VDan, respectively) and the dead-space to tidal volume ratio (VD-VT) were studied in 17 healthy normal subjects (13 men, four women, ages 21 to 36 years). There were no significant changes in VDan with increases in respiratory frequency (f) or tidal volume (VT). The ...

Many ventilators measure expired tidal volume (VT) without compensation either for the compliance of the ventilator circuit or for variations in the circuit setup. We hypothesized that the exhaled VT measured with a conventional ventilator at the expiratory valve would differ significantly from the exhaled VT measured with a pneumotachometer placed at the endotracheal tube. To investigate this ...

BACKGROUND Patients with structural heart disease are prone to ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF), which account for the majority of sudden cardiac deaths (SCDs). We sought to examine echocardiographic parameters that can predict VT as documented by implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) appropriate discharge. We examine echocardiographic parameters other than ...

BACKGROUND Diagnosis of bundle-branch reentry ventricular tachycardia (BBR-VT) by the standard approach is challenging, and this may lead to nonrecognition of this tachycardia mechanism. Because the postpacing interval (PPI) after entrainment has been correlated with the distance from the pacing site to the reentrant circuit, BBR-VT entrainment by pacing from the right ventricular apex (RVA) sh...

A linear stability analysis is presented for fluid dynamics with water vapor and precipitation, where the precipitation falls relative to the fluid at speed VT. The aim is to bridge two extreme cases by considering the full range of VT values: (i) VT 5 0, (ii) finite VT, and (iii) infinitely fast VT. In each case, a saturated precipitating atmosphere is considered, and the sufficient conditions...

pathology affecting multiple sites of the right ventricle. However the predictive value of this finding is not 100% accurate. Early in the disease of ARVD/C one may see a single form of VT. There has also been a report of multiple forms of VT seen in an idiopathic VT, but the diagnosis in these rare instances must be carefully scrutinized. Niroomand et al. (2002) performed electrophysiology stu...

Plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations were measured before, during, and shortly after induced ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 22 selected patients. Sustained, unimorphic VT was induced by programmed ventricular stimulation and terminated after 45 to 384 seconds by overdrive pacing in all patients. In no patient did VT result in loss of consciousness. The baseline plasma catechola...

The variable threshold(VT), which detects the speech rate deceleration, is proposed. The VT varies dynamically depending upon the duration of previous mora in the utterance. The VT should not change rapidly because listener cannot perceive small variations of mora duration. Thus, a set of functions with time constants which decide response speed of the VT is introduced. We apply the VT to six s...

This paper addresses low-power circuit design for delay-constrained portions of cutting-edge ICs, in which scaled threshold voltages have made leakage power consumption a major concern. Assuming parameters for a dual-VT 0.10-μm process generation, we analyze two different circuits, using low-VT and high-VT devices, respectively, obeying an identical delay constraint. The power consumption compa...