IPsec-based VPN solutions today run mainly in the IPv4 environment and it is important that they have the capability of being upgraded to IPv6 to remain interoperable in next generation Internet. Two of the key components of every VPN solution are the trust management system used to secure the VPN establishment process and the policy mechanism used to control the VPN life-cycle. However, these ...

The significant interest in IPTV drives the needs for flexible and scalable IPTV delivery way, especially when distributing IPTV service to end-users who are in a separate network or not in an IPTV enabled network. The recent popularity of VPN has made scalable distribution of IPTV possible. VPN can provide global IPTV networking opportunities and extended geographic connectivity. Additionally,...

Virtual private networks (VPNs) provide a secure and reliable communication between customer sites over a shared network. With increase in number and size of VPNs, service providers need efficient provisioning techniques that adapt to customer demands. The recently proposed hose model for VPN alleviates the scalability problem of the pipe model by reserving for aggregate ingress and egress band...

The exponential growth of internet and drastic enhancement in telecommunication has made the Internet a part of every aspect in the world. Internet is now the heart of the day to day business dealings throughout the world. This has increased the seeking for sensitive data by the attacker. This in turn increased the necessity to protect data through the Internet. Virtual Private Network (VPN) is...

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) have been recognised as a vital means for providing value added services over future ATM-based IBC networks. The multi-operator, multi-provider nature of the deregulated telecommunications market imposes requirements for one-stop shopping, complaining and accounting. The VPN concept aims at meeting these requirements and, moreover, advancing the current telecommu...

 In this paper, a VPN design model is proposed for the Next Generation Internet (NGI). With the use of MultiProtocol Label Switching (MPLS) in a backbone network, it is possible to create multiple logical sink-trees (directed multipoint-to-point trees ending at one exit node) carrying traffic of multiple VPNs. This makes the VPN design problem with MPLS different from those of circuit-switched...

Centralized Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) when used in distributed systems have performance constraints as all traffic must traverse through a central server. In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift towards the use of P2P in VPNs to alleviate pressure placed upon the central server by allowing participants to communicate directly with each other, relegating the server to handling ses...

Postnatal development of physiological properties underlying slow intrathalamic oscillations was studied by whole-cell recording from synaptically coupled neurons of the reticular nucleus (RTN) and ventral posterior nucleus (VPN) of mouse brain slices in vitro and compared with the morphological development of dye-injected cells. Between postnatal days 3 and 11 (P3-P11), progressive changes in ...

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) provide leased-line like connectivity to private networks using a public infrastructure like the Internet. A number of commercial VPN products can now be purchased, but the freely available OpenSource Linux based VPN solutions (OSLVs) seem to be gaining immense popularity. This is mainly due to their open-source licensing, which gives complete access to the sourc...

We propose an on-demand VPN service for home NGN users. This service enables users to connect home LANs without setting up complex network configurations. Users can specify a destination LAN by dialing a telephone number on an ordinary telephone terminal. We developed prototype residential gateways to provide the on-demand VPN service. The gateways find the IP addresses of peer gateways and sui...