In this study, an analytical methodology based on a combination of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with laser-induced breakdown spectrometry was evaluated for simultaneous pre-concentration, speciation and detection of Cr. The microextraction procedure was based on the injection of appropriated quantities of 1-undecanol and ethanol into a sample solution containing the complexes formed...

Solvent extraction remains one of the fundamental sample preparation techniques in the analysis of environmental solid samples, but organic solvents are toxic and environmentally harmful, therefore one of the possible greening directions is its miniaturization. The present review covers the relevant research from the field of application of microextraction to the sample preparation of environme...

A simple and efficient method for speciation and determination of iron in different water samples was developed. The method is based on ionic liquid ultrasound assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (IL-USADLLME) followed by spectrophotometric determination. Fe(II) is complexed with 2,4,6-tri(2’-pyridyl)-l,3,5-triazine (TPTZ), neutralized through ion pair formation with sodium dodecy...

A sensitive determination method was developed for the analysis of pyrethroid pesticide residues in tomato samples using ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. A hydrophobic ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) and acetonitrile were used as the extraction solvent and dispersive solvent, respectively. The following experimental parameters affecting...

A new dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction separation/preconcentration procedure as a rapid sample-preparation technique is proposed for detection of ultra trace amounts of Au(III) in various media by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using 1,5-diphenyl-1,3,5-pentanetrione as chelating agent. Carbon tetrachloride and methanol were used as extraction and dispersive solvents, respectively....

A novel dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method followed by HPLC analysis, termed sequential DLLME, was developed for the preconcentration and determination of aryloxyphenoxy-propionate herbicides (i.e. haloxyfop-R-methyl, cyhalofop-butyl, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, and fluazifop-P-butyl) in aqueous samples. The method is based on the combination of ultrasound-assisted DLLME with in si...

A simple and environmentally friendly surfactant-assisted microextraction method combined with high-performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection was developed for the determination of six fluoroquinolones in chicken livers. In method, analytes were transported into hydrophobic extraction by ionic nonionic surfactants. Three different surfactants studied this purpose, cationic Methyl...