Although increasing attention has been paid to nutritional aspects in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), limited information is available regarding the prevalence and consequences of nutritional depletion in a random out-patient COPD population. We studied body composition in relation to respiratory and peripheral skeletal muscle function in 72 COPD patients (mean (SD) forced expirat...

CHLOROTHIAZIDE administration in normotensive and hypertensive individuals causes saluresis, diuresis, oligemia, increased depressor responses to ganglioplegics, and decreased pressor responses to norepinephrine."" These changes in responses to vasoactive drugs are abolished if plasma volume is expanded by salt-free dextran,^* and we have suggested that they reflect an augmented sympathetic vas...

Contribution of salt wasting and volume depletion to the pathogenesis of hypercalciuria and hyperphosphaturia is poorly understood. Pendrin/NCC double KO (pendrin/NCC-dKO) mice display severe salt wasting under basal conditions and develop profound volume depletion, prerenal renal failure, and metabolic alkalosis and are growth retarded. Microscopic examination of the kidneys of pendrin/NCC-dKO...

Glucose depletion of erythrocytes leads to activation of Ca2+-permeable cation channels, Ca2+ entry, activation of a Ca2+-sensitive erythrocyte scramblase, and subsequent exposure of phosphatidylserine at the erythrocyte surface. Ca2+ entry into erythrocytes was previously shown to be stimulated by phorbol esters and to be inhibited by staurosporine and chelerythrine and is thus thought to be r...

A patient with protracted vomiting was noted to have hyponatraemia and hypokalaemia on admission. Isotope dilution studies before treatment revealed profound body depletion of sodium, potassium and water. Treatment with potassium chloride tablets produced a simultaneous rise in serum sodium and potassium concentration without change in urine volume or osmolality, or body weight. Potassium deple...

We analyze surface-volume reactions in the context of optical biosensors with arrays of reacting zones. For arrays having zones with the same rate constants, we consider a two-dimensional reacting zone boundary definition and quantify ligand depletion with the effective Damköhler number. We use asymptotics to obtain ligand depletion results for the one-dimensional case, and also compute results...

Depletion forces and macromolecular crowding govern the structure and function of biopolymers in biological cells and the properties of polymer nanocomposite materials. To isolate and analyze the influence of polymer shape fluctuations and penetrability on depletion-induced interactions and crowding by nanoparticles, we model polymers as effective penetrable ellipsoids, whose shapes fluctuate a...

ayurveda, manoeuvres mankind to head a healthy life in order to pursue four-fold bliss. with a view to combat physical and mental annoyances, classics have explicated two-fold therapeutic modalities; langhana/depletion and brihmana/nourishing. upavasa /fasting is one among ten depletion therapies explained. it is envisioned at all three levels of ayurvedic therapies- rational/objectively planne...