PURPOSE In this study the effects of small systematic MLC misalignments and gravitational errors on the quality of Rapidarc treatment plan delivery are investigated with respect to verification measurements with two detector arrays and the evaluation of clinical significance of the error-induced deviations. METHODS Five prostate and six head and neck plans were modified by means of three erro...

The double sampling method for measuring gastric volumes is analysed mathematically. It is shown to cause magnification of randomly occurring analytical errors in dye concentration. The errors which arise in calculated gastric volume depend on extent of analytical error, concentration of dye initially placed in the stomach, repetition of analysis cycle, and ratio of volume of added dye to gastr...

black bengal goat is the heritage and one of the potential genetic resources of bangladesh. genetic and phenotypic parameters for semen characteristics and their relationships with scrotal circumference in black bengal bucks were estimated in this experiment. genetic parameters were estimated by residual maximum likelihood procedure, fitting an animal model ignoring maternal genetic or permanen...

a reduction in cardiac output, blood pressures, and central blood volume. Restoration of blood volume returned these variables toward normal. The chief effect of acidosis appeared to be a redistribution of blood from the peripheral to the central circulation; consequently, central blood volume, lesser circulation pressures, and cardiac output were relatively well maintained despite bypovolemia....

The individual processes involved in interstitial fluid volume and protein regulation (microvascular filtration, lymphatic return, and interstitial storage) are relatively simple, yet their interaction is exceedingly complex. There is a notable lack of a first-order, algebraic formula that relates interstitial fluid pressure and protein to critical parameters commonly used to characterize the m...

Introduction: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a method of cancer treatment and potentially, two borono-L-phenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH) are used in BNCT as common boron carriers. Some previous studies have shown that the dose rate is directly related to boron concentration in the tissue. This study aimed to simulate the structure of boron carriers and brain tumor compo...

Introduction: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a method of cancer treatment and potentially, two borono-L-phenylalanine (BPA) and sodium borocaptate (BSH) are used in BNCT as common boron carriers. Some previous studies have shown that the dose rate is directly related to boron concentration in the tissue. This study aimed to simulate the structure of boron carriers and brain tumor compo...

The cell water content determines the cell volume, which in turn controls numerous cellular functions. The mean volume of rat glioma cells was electronically measured under isotonic and anisotonic conditions. Two types of isotonic solutions were used containing either high or low concentrations of NaCl, KCl or N-methylglucamineCl. In low salt solutions, osmolarity was maintained constant by the...

Previous work estimated the ultrasonic backscatter coefficient (BSC) from low-concentration (volume density <3%) Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO, 6.7-μm cell radius) cell pellets. This study extends the work to higher cell concentrations (volume densities: 9.6% to 63%). At low concentration, BSC magnitude is proportional to the cell concentration and BSC frequency dependency is independent of cell c...

Hypertonic solutions play an important role in the treatment of tissue edema. Following the induction of experimental vasogenic brain edema by occlusion of the common carotid arteries in eight rabbits, the effect of hypertonic lactated Ringer's solution (subjects), vs. isotonic lactated Ringer's solution (control), was studied on blood pressure, electrolyte (sodium, potassium, and calcium) ...