Global-mean surface temperature is affected by both natural variability and anthropogenic forcing. This study is concerned with identifying and removing from global-mean temperatures the signatures of natural climate variability over the period January 1900–March 2009. A series of simple, physically based methodologies are developed and applied to isolate the climate impacts of three known sour...

Volcanoes are true wonders of the planet. Managers volcanic protected areas face dual challenge protecting landscape from overuse and damage, visitors local residents range geophysical risks presented by activity. Without clear recognition how volcano works, there is potential that risk hazardous conditions (e.g., eruptions, gas emissions, fumarolic activity, landslides, seismic other hazards) ...

Volcanology, seismology and Earth Sciences in general, like all quantitative sciences, are increasingly dependent on the quantity quality of data acquired [...]

Vulsini Volcanic district in Northern Latium (Central Italy) is characterized by high natural radiation background resulting from the high concentrations of uranium, thorium and potassium in the volcanic products. In order to estimate the radon radiation risk, a series of soil gas radon measurements were carried out in Bolsena, the principal urban settlement in this area NE of Rome. Soil gas ra...

In volcanic areas, where it can be difficult to perform direct surveys, digital photogrammetry techniques are rarely adopted for routine volcano monitoring. Nevertheless, they have remarkable potentialities for observing active volcanic features (e.g., fissures, lava flows) and the connected deformation processes. The ability to obtain accurate quantitative data of definite accuracy in short ti...

Following large explosive volcanic eruptions precipitation decreases over much of the globe1-6, particularly in climatologically wet regions4,5. Stratospheric volcanic aerosols reflect sunlight, which reduces evaporation, whilst surface cooling stabilises the atmosphere and reduces its water-holding capacity7. Circulation changes modulate this global precipitation reduction on regional scales1,...

[1] The largest explosive volcanic eruptions that have occurred on Earth generated giant ash clouds from rising plumes that spread in the stratosphere around a height of neutral buoyancy, with estimated supply rates that are in the range 10 to 10 m/s. These giant ash clouds are controlled by a balance between gravity and Coriolis forces, forming spinning bodies of nearly fixed proportions after...

In this study, a Geographic Information System (GIS) is used as a decision-making tool to target potential geothermal resources in Iran. The aims of the study are to update and identify promising areas for geothermal exploration, as the base study for the future regional-scale geothermal resources investigations and exploration drilling. After comprehensive study about available data in the cou...

The arsenic content of well water in certain areas of Oregon can range up to 30 to 40 times the U.S.P.H.S. Drinking Water Standard of 1962, where concentrations in excess of 50 ppb are grounds for rejection. The elevated arsenic levels in water are postulated to be due to volcanic deposits. Wells in central Lane County, Oregon, that are known to contain arsenic rich water are in an area underla...