REPLY: We would like to thank Wang et al. (3) for their interest in and comment on our article. Since the first report of ketamine cystitis by Shahani et al. (2) 10 years ago, the mechanism of this new urinary dysfunction is still a mystery. Ketamine is accumulated in urine, and urothelial ulceration is commonly observed in severe ketamine cystitis patients, which might be the major reason for ...

Objective: Lower urinary tract dysfunction is a wide clinical spectrum and according to the International Children’s Continence Society, lower contains overactive bladder, voiding postponement, underactive infrequent voiding, extraordinary daytime only frequency, vaginal reflux, bladder neck dysfunction, giggle incontinence. Biofeedback non-invasive therapy that can be applied easily aims activ...

Background and purpose: Posterior urethral valve (PUV) is one of the most severe urinary tract anomalies presenting as antenatal hydronephrosis that could lead to severe dilatation and functional impairment of one or both kidneys. The aim of this study was to analyze our experience on patients with a diagnosis of PUV. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study neonates with a diagnosis of...

The pelvic floor functions as a holistic entity. organs, bladder, bowel, smooth and striated muscles, nerves, ligaments other connective tissues are directed cortically reflexly from various levels of the nervous system. Such integration is essential for system’s multiple functions, example, girdle stability, continence, voiding/defecation, sexuality. Pelvic dysfunction (PFD) related to variety...

PURPOSE Voiding cystourethrography is a diagnostic procedure widely used to evaluate lower urinary tract abnormalities in children. In children with and without suspected voiding dysfunction we measured the internal diameter of the external urethral sphincter on voiding cystourethrography to evaluate its diagnostic accuracy as a predictor of detrusor-sphincter incoordination. MATERIALS AND ME...